LearnOpenGL/src/4.advanced_opengl/10.1.instancing_quads/instancing_quads.cpp

#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

#include <learnopengl/filesystem.h>
#include <learnopengl/shader.h>

#include <iostream>

void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);

// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 1280;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 720;

int main()
{
    // glfw: initialize and configure
    // ------------------------------
    glfwInit();
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

#ifdef __APPLE__
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); // uncomment this statement to fix compilation on OS X
#endif

    // glfw window creation
    // --------------------
    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", NULL, NULL);
    if (window == NULL)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

    // glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
    // ---------------------------------------
    if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    // configure global opengl state
    // -----------------------------
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

    // build and compile shaders
    // -------------------------
    Shader shader("10.1.instancing.vs", "10.1.instancing.fs");

    // generate a list of 100 quad locations/translation-vectors
    // ---------------------------------------------------------
    glm::vec2 translations[100];
    int index = 0;
    float offset = 0.1f;
    for (int y = -10; y < 10; y += 2)
    {
        for (int x = -10; x < 10; x += 2)
        {
            glm::vec2 translation;
            translation.x = (float)x / 10.0f + offset;
            translation.y = (float)y / 10.0f + offset;
            translations[index++] = translation;
        }
    }

    // store instance data in an array buffer
    // --------------------------------------
    unsigned int instanceVBO;
    glGenBuffers(1, &instanceVBO);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, instanceVBO);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(glm::vec2) * 100, &translations[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

    // set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
    float quadVertices[] = {
        // positions     // colors
        -0.05f,  0.05f,  1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
         0.05f, -0.05f,  0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        -0.05f, -0.05f,  0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,

        -0.05f,  0.05f,  1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
         0.05f, -0.05f,  0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
         0.05f,  0.05f,  0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
    };
    unsigned int quadVAO, quadVBO;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &quadVAO);
    glGenBuffers(1, &quadVBO);
    glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, quadVBO);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(quadVertices), quadVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
    glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5 * sizeof(float), (void*)(2 * sizeof(float)));
    // also set instance data
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, instanceVBO); // this attribute comes from a different vertex buffer
    glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    glVertexAttribDivisor(2, 1); // tell OpenGL this is an instanced vertex attribute.


    // render loop
    // -----------
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        // render
        // ------
        glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

        // draw 100 instanced quads
        shader.use();
        glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
        glDrawArraysInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6, 100); // 100 triangles of 6 vertices each
        glBindVertexArray(0);

        // glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
        glfwPollEvents();
    }

    // optional: de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose:
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &quadVAO);
    glDeleteBuffers(1, &quadVBO);

    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}

// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
    // make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and 
    // height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}