version 1.8.2

Increase sleep time on a test case to avoid spurious failures

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -18,35 +18,35 @@ include(GNUInstallDirs)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Set default build to release
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-if (NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
+if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
     set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release" CACHE STRING "Choose Release or Debug" FORCE)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Compiler config
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-if (NOT CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD)
+if(NOT CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
 
-if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "CYGWIN" OR CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "MSYS")
+if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "CYGWIN" OR CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "MSYS")
     set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS ON)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Set SPDLOG_MASTER_PROJECT to ON if we are building spdlog
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Check if spdlog is being used directly or via add_subdirectory, but allow overriding
-if (NOT DEFINED SPDLOG_MASTER_PROJECT)
+if(NOT DEFINED SPDLOG_MASTER_PROJECT)
-    if (CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR STREQUAL CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR)
+    if(CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR STREQUAL CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR)
         set(SPDLOG_MASTER_PROJECT ON)
-    else ()
+    else()
         set(SPDLOG_MASTER_PROJECT OFF)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 option(SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL "Build all artifacts" OFF)
 
@@ -79,38 +79,38 @@ option(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL "Use external fmt library instead of bundled" OFF)
 option(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO "Use external fmt header-only library instead of bundled" OFF)
 option(SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS "Compile with -fno-exceptions. Call abort() on any spdlog exceptions" OFF)
 
-if (SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
+if(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
     message(FATAL_ERROR "SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL and SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO are mutually exclusive")
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # misc tweakme options
-if (WIN32)
+if(WIN32)
     option(SPDLOG_WCHAR_SUPPORT "Support wchar api" OFF)
     option(SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES "Support wchar filenames" OFF)
-endif ()
+endif()
-if (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux")
+if(${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux")
     option(SPDLOG_CLOCK_COARSE
-            "Use the much faster (but much less accurate) CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE instead of the regular clock," OFF)
+           "Use the much faster (but much less accurate) CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE instead of the regular clock," OFF)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 option(SPDLOG_PREVENT_CHILD_FD "Prevent from child processes to inherit log file descriptors" OFF)
 option(SPDLOG_NO_THREAD_ID "prevent spdlog from querying the thread id on each log call if thread id is not needed" OFF)
 option(SPDLOG_NO_TLS "prevent spdlog from using thread local storage" OFF)
 option(
-        SPDLOG_NO_ATOMIC_LEVELS
+    SPDLOG_NO_ATOMIC_LEVELS
-        "prevent spdlog from using of std::atomic log levels (use only if your code never modifies log levels concurrently"
+    "prevent spdlog from using of std::atomic log levels (use only if your code never modifies log levels concurrently"
-        OFF)
+    OFF)
 
 # clang-tidy
-if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER "3.5")
+if(${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER "3.5")
     option(SPDLOG_TIDY "run clang-tidy" OFF)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
-if (SPDLOG_TIDY)
+if(SPDLOG_TIDY)
     set(CMAKE_CXX_CLANG_TIDY "clang-tidy")
     set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
     message(STATUS "Enabled clang-tidy")
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
 message(STATUS "Build type: " ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
@@ -119,42 +119,42 @@ message(STATUS "Build type: " ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 set(SPDLOG_SRCS src/spdlog.cpp src/stdout_sinks.cpp src/color_sinks.cpp src/file_sinks.cpp src/async.cpp src/cfg.cpp)
 
-if (NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
+if(NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
     list(APPEND SPDLOG_SRCS src/fmt.cpp)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
-if (SPDLOG_BUILD_SHARED)
+if(SPDLOG_BUILD_SHARED)
-    if (WIN32)
+    if(WIN32)
         configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/version.rc.in ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/version.rc @ONLY)
         list(APPEND SPDLOG_SRCS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/version.rc)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
     add_library(spdlog SHARED ${SPDLOG_SRCS} ${SPDLOG_ALL_HEADERS})
     target_compile_definitions(spdlog PUBLIC SPDLOG_SHARED_LIB)
-    if (MSVC)
+    if(MSVC)
         target_compile_options(spdlog PUBLIC /wd4251 /wd4275)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
-    if (NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
+    if(NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
         target_compile_definitions(spdlog PRIVATE FMT_EXPORT PUBLIC FMT_SHARED)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
-else ()
+else()
     add_library(spdlog STATIC ${SPDLOG_SRCS} ${SPDLOG_ALL_HEADERS})
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 add_library(spdlog::spdlog ALIAS spdlog)
 
 target_compile_definitions(spdlog PUBLIC SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB)
 target_include_directories(spdlog PUBLIC "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/include>"
-        "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
+                                         "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
 target_link_libraries(spdlog PUBLIC Threads::Threads)
 spdlog_enable_warnings(spdlog)
 
 set_target_properties(spdlog PROPERTIES VERSION ${SPDLOG_VERSION} SOVERSION ${SPDLOG_VERSION_MAJOR})
 set_target_properties(spdlog PROPERTIES DEBUG_POSTFIX d)
 
-if (COMMAND target_precompile_headers AND SPDLOG_ENABLE_PCH)
+if(COMMAND target_precompile_headers AND SPDLOG_ENABLE_PCH)
     configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/pch.h.in ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/spdlog_pch.h @ONLY)
     target_precompile_headers(spdlog PRIVATE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/spdlog_pch.h)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Header only version
@@ -163,82 +163,82 @@ add_library(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE)
 add_library(spdlog::spdlog_header_only ALIAS spdlog_header_only)
 
 target_include_directories(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/include>"
-        "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
+                                                        "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
 target_link_libraries(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE Threads::Threads)
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Use fmt package if using external fmt
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-if (SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL OR SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
+if(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL OR SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
-    if (NOT TARGET fmt::fmt)
+    if(NOT TARGET fmt::fmt)
         find_package(fmt 5.3.0 REQUIRED)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
     target_compile_definitions(spdlog PUBLIC SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL)
     target_compile_definitions(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL)
 
     # use external fmt-header-nly
-    if (SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
+    if(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
         target_link_libraries(spdlog PUBLIC fmt::fmt-header-only)
         target_link_libraries(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE fmt::fmt-header-only)
-    else () # use external compile fmt
+    else() # use external compile fmt
         target_link_libraries(spdlog PUBLIC fmt::fmt)
         target_link_libraries(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE fmt::fmt)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
 
     set(PKG_CONFIG_REQUIRES fmt) # add dependency to pkg-config
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Misc definitions according to tweak options
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 set(SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT ${SPDLOG_WCHAR_SUPPORT})
-foreach (
+foreach(
-        SPDLOG_OPTION
+    SPDLOG_OPTION
-        SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+    SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
-        SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES
+    SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES
-        SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+    SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-        SPDLOG_CLOCK_COARSE
+    SPDLOG_CLOCK_COARSE
-        SPDLOG_PREVENT_CHILD_FD
+    SPDLOG_PREVENT_CHILD_FD
-        SPDLOG_NO_THREAD_ID
+    SPDLOG_NO_THREAD_ID
-        SPDLOG_NO_TLS
+    SPDLOG_NO_TLS
-        SPDLOG_NO_ATOMIC_LEVELS)
+    SPDLOG_NO_ATOMIC_LEVELS)
-    if (${SPDLOG_OPTION})
+    if(${SPDLOG_OPTION})
         target_compile_definitions(spdlog PUBLIC ${SPDLOG_OPTION})
         target_compile_definitions(spdlog_header_only INTERFACE ${SPDLOG_OPTION})
-    endif ()
+    endif()
-endforeach ()
+endforeach()
 
-if (SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS AND NOT MSVC)
+if(SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS AND NOT MSVC)
     target_compile_options(spdlog PRIVATE -fno-exceptions)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Build binaries
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-if (SPDLOG_BUILD_EXAMPLE OR SPDLOG_BUILD_EXAMPLE_HO OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
+if(SPDLOG_BUILD_EXAMPLE OR SPDLOG_BUILD_EXAMPLE_HO OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
     message(STATUS "Generating example(s)")
     add_subdirectory(example)
     spdlog_enable_warnings(example)
-    if (SPDLOG_BUILD_EXAMPLE_HO)
+    if(SPDLOG_BUILD_EXAMPLE_HO)
         spdlog_enable_warnings(example_header_only)
-    endif ()
+    endif()
-endif ()
+endif()
 
-if (SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS OR SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS_HO OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
+if(SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS OR SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS_HO OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
     message(STATUS "Generating tests")
     enable_testing()
     add_subdirectory(tests)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
-if (SPDLOG_BUILD_BENCH OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
+if(SPDLOG_BUILD_BENCH OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
     message(STATUS "Generating benchmarks")
     add_subdirectory(bench)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Install
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-if (SPDLOG_INSTALL)
+if(SPDLOG_INSTALL)
     message(STATUS "Generating install")
     set(project_config_in "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake/spdlogConfig.cmake.in")
     set(project_config_out "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/spdlogConfig.cmake")
@@ -253,16 +253,16 @@ if (SPDLOG_INSTALL)
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     install(DIRECTORY include/ DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}" PATTERN "fmt/bundled" EXCLUDE)
     install(
-            TARGETS spdlog spdlog_header_only
+        TARGETS spdlog spdlog_header_only
-            EXPORT spdlog
+        EXPORT spdlog
-            LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
-            ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
+        ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
-            RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
+        RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
 
-    if (NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
+    if(NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL AND NOT SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL_HO)
         install(DIRECTORY include/${PROJECT_NAME}/fmt/bundled/
                 DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}/fmt/bundled/")
-    endif ()
+    endif()
 
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Install pkg-config file
@@ -288,4 +288,4 @@ if (SPDLOG_INSTALL)
     # Support creation of installable packages
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     include(cmake/spdlogCPack.cmake)
-endif ()
+endif()

README.md

@@ -188,6 +188,7 @@ void stopwatch_example()
 // {:s} - don't separate each byte with space.
 // {:p} - don't print the position on each line start.
 // {:n} - don't split the output to lines.
+// {:a} - show ASCII if :n is not set.
 
 #include "spdlog/fmt/bin_to_hex.h"
 

bench/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,24 @@ if(NOT TARGET spdlog)
 endif()
 
 find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
-find_package(benchmark CONFIG REQUIRED)
+find_package(benchmark CONFIG)
+if (NOT benchmark_FOUND)
+    message(STATUS "Using CMake Version ${CMAKE_VERSION}")
+    if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL "3.11.0")
+        # User can fetch googlebenchmark 			
+        message(STATUS "Downloading GoogleBenchmark")
+        include(FetchContent)
+        set(BENCHMARK_ENABLE_GTEST_TESTS OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+        # Do not build and run googlebenchmark tests
+        FetchContent_Declare(googlebenchmark
+            GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/benchmark.git
+            GIT_TAG v1.5.2)
+
+        FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googlebenchmark)
+    else()
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "GoogleBenchmark is missing. Use CMake >= 3.11 or download it")
+    endif()
+endif()
 
 add_executable(bench bench.cpp)
 spdlog_enable_warnings(bench)

bench/async_bench.cpp

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ void bench_mt(int howmany, std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> log, int thread_count
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #pragma warning(push)
 #pragma warning(disable : 4996) // disable fopen warning under msvc
-#endif                          // _MSC_VER
+#endif // _MSC_VER
 
 int count_lines(const char *filename)
 {

cmake/spdlogCPack.cmake

@@ -18,23 +18,37 @@ set(CPACK_PACKAGE_RELOCATABLE ON CACHE BOOL "Build relocatable package")
 
 set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_LICENSE "MIT")
 set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_GROUP "Development/Libraries")
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_SECTION "libs")
 set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_URL ${CPACK_PROJECT_URL})
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_HOMEPAGE ${CPACK_PROJECT_URL})
 set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION "Very fast, header-only/compiled, C++ logging library.")
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION "Very fast, header-only/compiled, C++ logging library.")
 
 if(CPACK_PACKAGE_NAME)
     set(CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_PACKAGE_NAME}-${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION}")
+    set(CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_PACKAGE_NAME}-${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION}")
 else()
     set(CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}-${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION}")
+    set(CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}-${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION}")
+    set(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}")
+    set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}")
 endif()
 
 if(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_RELEASE)
     set(CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME}-${CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_RELEASE}")
 endif()
+if(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_RELEASE)
+    set(CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME}-${CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_RELEASE}")
+endif()
 
 if(CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE)
     set(CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME}.${CPACK_RPM_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE}")
 endif()
+if(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE)
+    set(CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME}.${CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_ARCHITECTURE}")
+endif()
 set(CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_RPM_FILE_NAME}.rpm")
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME "${CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME}.deb")
 
 if(NOT CPACK_PACKAGE_RELOCATABLE)
     # Depend on pkgconfig rpm to create the system pkgconfig folder

include/spdlog/async.h

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ template<async_overflow_policy OverflowPolicy = async_overflow_policy::block>
 struct async_factory_impl
 {
     template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
-    static std::shared_ptr<async_logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... args)
+    static std::shared_ptr<async_logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&...args)
     {
         auto &registry_inst = details::registry::instance();
 
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ using async_factory = async_factory_impl<async_overflow_policy::block>;
 using async_factory_nonblock = async_factory_impl<async_overflow_policy::overrun_oldest>;
 
 template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
-inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create_async(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... sink_args)
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create_async(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&...sink_args)
 {
     return async_factory::create<Sink>(std::move(logger_name), std::forward<SinkArgs>(sink_args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
-inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create_async_nb(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... sink_args)
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create_async_nb(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&...sink_args)
 {
     return async_factory_nonblock::create<Sink>(std::move(logger_name), std::forward<SinkArgs>(sink_args)...);
 }

include/spdlog/cfg/argv.h

@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ inline void load_argv_levels(int argc, const char **argv)
         if (arg.find(spdlog_level_prefix) == 0)
         {
             auto levels_string = arg.substr(spdlog_level_prefix.size());
-            auto levels = helpers::extract_levels(levels_string);
+            helpers::load_levels(levels_string);
-            details::registry::instance().update_levels(std::move(levels));
         }
     }
 }

include/spdlog/cfg/env.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 // export SPDLOG_LEVEL=debug
 //
 // turn off all logging except for logger1:
-// export SPDLOG_LEVEL="off,logger1=debug"
+// export SPDLOG_LEVEL="*=off,logger1=debug"
 //
 
 // turn off all logging except for logger1 and logger2:
@@ -28,8 +28,10 @@ namespace cfg {
 inline void load_env_levels()
 {
     auto env_val = details::os::getenv("SPDLOG_LEVEL");
-    auto levels = helpers::extract_levels(env_val);
+    if (!env_val.empty())
-    details::registry::instance().update_levels(std::move(levels));
+    {
+        helpers::load_levels(env_val);
+    }
 }
 
 } // namespace cfg

include/spdlog/cfg/helpers-inl.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <spdlog/details/os.h>
 #include <spdlog/details/registry.h>
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <sstream>
@@ -78,24 +79,40 @@ inline std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> extract_key_vals_(const std:
     return rv;
 }
 
-SPDLOG_INLINE log_levels extract_levels(const std::string &input)
+SPDLOG_INLINE void load_levels(const std::string &input)
 {
+    if (input.empty() || input.size() > 512)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
     auto key_vals = extract_key_vals_(input);
-    log_levels rv;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, level::level_enum> levels;
+    level::level_enum global_level = level::info;
+    bool global_level_found = false;
 
     for (auto &name_level : key_vals)
     {
         auto &logger_name = name_level.first;
         auto level_name = to_lower_(name_level.second);
         auto level = level::from_str(level_name);
-        // fallback to "info" if unrecognized level name
+        // ignore unrecognized level names
         if (level == level::off && level_name != "off")
         {
-            level = level::info;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (logger_name.empty()) // no logger name indicate global level
+        {
+            global_level_found = true;
+            global_level = level;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            levels[logger_name] = level;
         }
-        rv.set(logger_name, level);
     }
-    return rv;
+
+    details::registry::instance().set_levels(std::move(levels), global_level_found ? &global_level : nullptr);
 }
 
 } // namespace helpers

include/spdlog/cfg/helpers.h

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <spdlog/cfg/log_levels.h>
+#include <spdlog/common.h>
+#include <unordered_map>
 
 namespace spdlog {
 namespace cfg {
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ namespace helpers {
 // turn off all logging except for logger1: "off,logger1=debug"
 // turn off all logging except for logger1 and logger2: "off,logger1=debug,logger2=info"
 //
-SPDLOG_API log_levels extract_levels(const std::string &txt);
+SPDLOG_API void load_levels(const std::string &txt);
 } // namespace helpers
 
 } // namespace cfg

include/spdlog/cfg/log_levels.h

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright(c) 2015-present, Gabi Melman & spdlog contributors.
-// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <spdlog/common.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
-
-namespace spdlog {
-namespace cfg {
-class log_levels
-{
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, spdlog::level::level_enum> levels_;
-    spdlog::level::level_enum default_level_ = level::info;
-
-public:
-    void set(const std::string &logger_name, level::level_enum lvl)
-    {
-        if (logger_name.empty())
-        {
-            default_level_ = lvl;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            levels_[logger_name] = lvl;
-        }
-    }
-
-    void set_default(level::level_enum lvl)
-    {
-        default_level_ = lvl;
-    }
-
-    level::level_enum get(const std::string &logger_name)
-    {
-        auto it = levels_.find(logger_name);
-        return it != levels_.end() ? it->second : default_level_;
-    }
-
-    level::level_enum default_level()
-    {
-        return default_level_;
-    }
-};
-} // namespace cfg
-} // namespace spdlog

include/spdlog/common.h

@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@ SPDLOG_API string_view_t &to_string_view(spdlog::level::level_enum l) SPDLOG_NOE
 SPDLOG_API const char *to_short_c_str(spdlog::level::level_enum l) SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT;
 SPDLOG_API spdlog::level::level_enum from_str(const std::string &name) SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT;
 
-using level_hasher = std::hash<int>;
 } // namespace level
 
 //
@@ -232,7 +231,7 @@ namespace details {
 using std::make_unique;
 #else
 template<typename T, typename... Args>
-std::unique_ptr<T> make_unique(Args &&... args)
+std::unique_ptr<T> make_unique(Args &&...args)
 {
     static_assert(!std::is_array<T>::value, "arrays not supported");
     return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(std::forward<Args>(args)...));

include/spdlog/details/mpmc_blocking_q.h

@@ -110,6 +110,12 @@ public:
         return q_.overrun_counter();
     }
 
+    size_t size()
+    {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+        return q_.size();
+    }
+
 private:
     std::mutex queue_mutex_;
     std::condition_variable push_cv_;

include/spdlog/details/registry-inl.h

@@ -67,7 +67,11 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE void registry::initialize_logger(std::shared_ptr<logger> new_logge
         new_logger->set_error_handler(err_handler_);
     }
 
-    new_logger->set_level(levels_.get(new_logger->name()));
+    // set new level according to previously configured level or default level
+    auto it = log_levels_.find(new_logger->name());
+    auto new_level = it != log_levels_.end() ? it->second : global_log_level_;
+    new_logger->set_level(new_level);
+
     new_logger->flush_on(flush_level_);
 
     if (backtrace_n_messages_ > 0)
@@ -171,7 +175,7 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE void registry::set_level(level::level_enum log_level)
     {
         l.second->set_level(log_level);
     }
-    levels_.set_default(log_level);
+    global_log_level_ = log_level;
 }
 
 SPDLOG_INLINE void registry::flush_on(level::level_enum log_level)
@@ -263,14 +267,24 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE void registry::set_automatic_registration(bool automatic_registrat
     automatic_registration_ = automatic_registration;
 }
 
-SPDLOG_INLINE void registry::update_levels(cfg::log_levels levels)
+SPDLOG_INLINE void registry::set_levels(log_levels levels, level::level_enum *global_level)
 {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
-    levels_ = std::move(levels);
+    log_levels_ = std::move(levels);
-    for (auto &l : loggers_)
+    auto global_level_requested = global_level != nullptr;
+    global_log_level_ = global_level_requested ? *global_level : global_log_level_;
+
+    for (auto &logger : loggers_)
     {
-        auto &logger = l.second;
+        auto logger_entry = log_levels_.find(logger.first);
-        logger->set_level(levels_.get(logger->name()));
+        if (logger_entry != log_levels_.end())
+        {
+            logger.second->set_level(logger_entry->second);
+        }
+        else if (global_level_requested)
+        {
+            logger.second->set_level(*global_level);
+        }
     }
 }
 

include/spdlog/details/registry.h

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 // This class is thread safe
 
 #include <spdlog/common.h>
-#include <spdlog/cfg/log_levels.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <functional>
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ class periodic_worker;
 class SPDLOG_API registry
 {
 public:
+    using log_levels = std::unordered_map<std::string, level::level_enum>;
     registry(const registry &) = delete;
     registry &operator=(const registry &) = delete;
 
@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ public:
 
     void set_automatic_registration(bool automatic_registration);
 
-    void update_levels(cfg::log_levels levels);
+    // set levels for all existing/future loggers. global_level can be null if should not set.
+    void set_levels(log_levels levels, level::level_enum *global_level);
 
     static registry &instance();
 
@@ -90,11 +91,13 @@ private:
 
     void throw_if_exists_(const std::string &logger_name);
     void register_logger_(std::shared_ptr<logger> new_logger);
+    bool set_level_from_cfg_(logger *logger);
     std::mutex logger_map_mutex_, flusher_mutex_;
     std::recursive_mutex tp_mutex_;
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<logger>> loggers_;
-    cfg::log_levels levels_;
+    log_levels log_levels_;
     std::unique_ptr<formatter> formatter_;
+    spdlog::level::level_enum global_log_level_ = level::info;
     level::level_enum flush_level_ = level::off;
     void (*err_handler_)(const std::string &msg);
     std::shared_ptr<thread_pool> tp_;

include/spdlog/details/synchronous_factory.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class logger;
 struct synchronous_factory
 {
     template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
-    static std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... args)
+    static std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&...args)
     {
         auto sink = std::make_shared<Sink>(std::forward<SinkArgs>(args)...);
         auto new_logger = std::make_shared<spdlog::logger>(std::move(logger_name), std::move(sink));

include/spdlog/details/thread_pool-inl.h

@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ size_t SPDLOG_INLINE thread_pool::overrun_counter()
     return q_.overrun_counter();
 }
 
+size_t SPDLOG_INLINE thread_pool::queue_size()
+{
+    return q_.size();
+}
+
 void SPDLOG_INLINE thread_pool::post_async_msg_(async_msg &&new_msg, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
 {
     if (overflow_policy == async_overflow_policy::block)

include/spdlog/details/thread_pool.h

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ public:
     void post_log(async_logger_ptr &&worker_ptr, const details::log_msg &msg, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy);
     void post_flush(async_logger_ptr &&worker_ptr, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy);
     size_t overrun_counter();
+    size_t queue_size();
 
 private:
     q_type q_;

include/spdlog/fmt/bin_to_hex.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 //
 // Support for logging binary data as hex
-// format flags:
+// format flags, any combination of the followng:
 // {:X} - print in uppercase.
 // {:s} - don't separate each byte with space.
 // {:p} - don't print the position on each line start.

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/chrono.h

@@ -72,43 +72,27 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR To lossless_integral_conversion(const From from, int& ec) {
   static_assert(F::is_integer, "From must be integral");
   static_assert(T::is_integer, "To must be integral");
 
-  if (F::is_signed && !T::is_signed) {
+  if (detail::const_check(F::is_signed && !T::is_signed)) {
     // From may be negative, not allowed!
     if (fmt::detail::is_negative(from)) {
       ec = 1;
       return {};
     }
-
     // From is positive. Can it always fit in To?
-    if (F::digits <= T::digits) {
+    if (F::digits > T::digits &&
-      // yes, From always fits in To.
+        from > static_cast<From>(detail::max_value<To>())) {
-    } else {
+      ec = 1;
-      // from may not fit in To, we have to do a dynamic check
+      return {};
-      if (from > static_cast<From>((T::max)())) {
-        ec = 1;
-        return {};
-      }
     }
   }
 
-  if (!F::is_signed && T::is_signed) {
+  if (!F::is_signed && T::is_signed && F::digits >= T::digits &&
-    // can from be held in To?
+      from > static_cast<From>(detail::max_value<To>())) {
-    if (F::digits < T::digits) {
+    ec = 1;
-      // yes, From always fits in To.
+    return {};
-    } else {
-      // from may not fit in To, we have to do a dynamic check
-      if (from > static_cast<From>((T::max)())) {
-        // outside range.
-        ec = 1;
-        return {};
-      }
-    }
   }
-
+  return static_cast<To>(from);  // Lossless conversion.
-  // reaching here means all is ok for lossless conversion.
+}
-  return static_cast<To>(from);
-
-}  // function
 
 template <typename To, typename From,
           FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<From, To>::value)>
@@ -190,11 +174,9 @@ To safe_duration_cast(std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod> from,
   // safe conversion to IntermediateRep
   IntermediateRep count =
       lossless_integral_conversion<IntermediateRep>(from.count(), ec);
-  if (ec) {
+  if (ec) return {};
-    return {};
-  }
   // multiply with Factor::num without overflow or underflow
-  if (Factor::num != 1) {
+  if (detail::const_check(Factor::num != 1)) {
     const auto max1 = detail::max_value<IntermediateRep>() / Factor::num;
     if (count > max1) {
       ec = 1;
@@ -209,17 +191,9 @@ To safe_duration_cast(std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod> from,
     count *= Factor::num;
   }
 
-  // this can't go wrong, right? den>0 is checked earlier.
+  if (detail::const_check(Factor::den != 1)) count /= Factor::den;
-  if (Factor::den != 1) {
+  auto tocount = lossless_integral_conversion<typename To::rep>(count, ec);
-    count /= Factor::den;
+  return ec ? To() : To(tocount);
-  }
-  // convert to the to type, safely
-  using ToRep = typename To::rep;
-  const ToRep tocount = lossless_integral_conversion<ToRep>(count, ec);
-  if (ec) {
-    return {};
-  }
-  return To{tocount};
 }
 
 /**
@@ -351,6 +325,11 @@ inline std::tm localtime(std::time_t time) {
   return lt.tm_;
 }
 
+inline std::tm localtime(
+    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> time_point) {
+  return localtime(std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(time_point));
+}
+
 // Thread-safe replacement for std::gmtime
 inline std::tm gmtime(std::time_t time) {
   struct dispatcher {
@@ -387,6 +366,11 @@ inline std::tm gmtime(std::time_t time) {
   return gt.tm_;
 }
 
+inline std::tm gmtime(
+    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> time_point) {
+  return gmtime(std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(time_point));
+}
+
 namespace detail {
 inline size_t strftime(char* str, size_t count, const char* format,
                        const std::tm* time) {
@@ -399,6 +383,17 @@ inline size_t strftime(wchar_t* str, size_t count, const wchar_t* format,
 }
 }  // namespace detail
 
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock>, Char>
+    : formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> val,
+              FormatContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    std::tm time = localtime(val);
+    return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(time, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
 template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::tm, Char> {
   template <typename ParseContext>
   auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/color.h

@@ -463,16 +463,16 @@ template <> inline void reset_color<wchar_t>(FILE* stream) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-inline void reset_color(basic_memory_buffer<Char>& buffer) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
+inline void reset_color(buffer<Char>& buffer) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
   const char* begin = data::reset_color;
   const char* end = begin + sizeof(data::reset_color) - 1;
   buffer.append(begin, end);
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-void vformat_to(basic_memory_buffer<Char>& buf, const text_style& ts,
+void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, const text_style& ts,
                 basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-                basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
+                basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
   bool has_style = false;
   if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
     has_style = true;
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ void vformat_to(basic_memory_buffer<Char>& buf, const text_style& ts,
 
 template <typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 void vprint(std::FILE* f, const text_style& ts, const S& format,
-            basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
+            basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buf;
   detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, to_string_view(format), args);
   buf.push_back(Char(0));
@@ -504,20 +504,22 @@ void vprint(std::FILE* f, const text_style& ts, const S& format,
 }
 
 /**
+  \rst
   Formats a string and prints it to the specified file stream using ANSI
   escape sequences to specify text formatting.
-  Example:
+
+  **Example**::
+
     fmt::print(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
                "Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
+  \endrst
  */
 template <typename S, typename... Args,
           FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_string<S>::value)>
 void print(std::FILE* f, const text_style& ts, const S& format_str,
            const Args&... args) {
-  detail::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
+  vprint(f, ts, format_str,
-  using context = buffer_context<char_t<S>>;
+         fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
-  format_arg_store<context, Args...> as{args...};
-  vprint(f, ts, format_str, basic_format_args<context>(as));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -558,7 +560,42 @@ template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 inline std::basic_string<Char> format(const text_style& ts, const S& format_str,
                                       const Args&... args) {
   return vformat(ts, to_string_view(format_str),
-                 detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
+                 fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
+}
+
+/**
+  Formats a string with the given text_style and writes the output to ``out``.
+ */
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value)>
+OutputIt vformat_to(
+    OutputIt out, const text_style& ts, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
+  decltype(detail::get_buffer<Char>(out)) buf(detail::get_buffer_init(out));
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, format_str, args);
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf);
+}
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Formats arguments with the given text_style, writes the result to the output
+  iterator ``out`` and returns the iterator past the end of the output range.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    std::vector<char> out;
+    fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out),
+                   fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red), "{}", 42);
+  \endrst
+*/
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
+          bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char_t<S>>::value&&
+              detail::is_string<S>::value>
+inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const text_style& ts, const S& format_str,
+                      Args&&... args) ->
+    typename std::enable_if<enable, OutputIt>::type {
+  return vformat_to(out, ts, to_string_view(format_str),
+                    fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
 }
 
 FMT_END_NAMESPACE

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/compile.h

@@ -368,7 +368,8 @@ template <typename... Args> struct type_list {};
 
 // Returns a reference to the argument at index N from [first, rest...].
 template <int N, typename T, typename... Args>
-constexpr const auto& get(const T& first, const Args&... rest) {
+constexpr const auto& get([[maybe_unused]] const T& first,
+                          [[maybe_unused]] const Args&... rest) {
   static_assert(N < 1 + sizeof...(Args), "index is out of bounds");
   if constexpr (N == 0)
     return first;
@@ -406,6 +407,19 @@ constexpr text<Char> make_text(basic_string_view<Char> s, size_t pos,
   return {{&s[pos], size}};
 }
 
+template <typename Char> struct code_unit {
+  Char value;
+  using char_type = Char;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&...) const {
+    return write<Char>(out, value);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct is_compiled_format<code_unit<Char>> : std::true_type {};
+
 // A replacement field that refers to argument N.
 template <typename Char, typename T, int N> struct field {
   using char_type = Char;
@@ -430,7 +444,9 @@ template <typename Char, typename T, int N> struct spec_field {
   OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&... args) const {
     // This ensures that the argument type is convertile to `const T&`.
     const T& arg = get<N>(args...);
-    basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char> ctx(out, {});
+    const auto& vargs =
+        make_format_args<basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>(args...);
+    basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char> ctx(out, vargs);
     return fmt.format(arg, ctx);
   }
 };
@@ -489,16 +505,17 @@ constexpr auto parse_tail(T head, S format_str) {
 template <typename T, typename Char> struct parse_specs_result {
   formatter<T, Char> fmt;
   size_t end;
+  int next_arg_id;
 };
 
 template <typename T, typename Char>
 constexpr parse_specs_result<T, Char> parse_specs(basic_string_view<Char> str,
-                                                  size_t pos) {
+                                                  size_t pos, int arg_id) {
   str.remove_prefix(pos);
-  auto ctx = basic_format_parse_context<Char>(str);
+  auto ctx = basic_format_parse_context<Char>(str, {}, arg_id + 1);
   auto f = formatter<T, Char>();
   auto end = f.parse(ctx);
-  return {f, pos + (end - str.data()) + 1};
+  return {f, pos + (end - str.data()) + 1, ctx.next_arg_id()};
 }
 
 // Compiles a non-empty format string and returns the compiled representation
@@ -518,8 +535,8 @@ constexpr auto compile_format_string(S format_str) {
                                                format_str);
     } else if constexpr (str[POS + 1] == ':') {
       using type = get_type<ID, Args>;
-      constexpr auto result = parse_specs<type>(str, POS + 2);
+      constexpr auto result = parse_specs<type>(str, POS + 2, ID);
-      return parse_tail<Args, result.end, ID + 1>(
+      return parse_tail<Args, result.end, result.next_arg_id>(
           spec_field<char_type, type, ID>{result.fmt}, format_str);
     } else {
       return unknown_format();
@@ -530,8 +547,13 @@ constexpr auto compile_format_string(S format_str) {
     return parse_tail<Args, POS + 2, ID>(make_text(str, POS, 1), format_str);
   } else {
     constexpr auto end = parse_text(str, POS + 1);
-    return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(make_text(str, POS, end - POS),
+    if constexpr (end - POS > 1) {
-                                     format_str);
+      return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(make_text(str, POS, end - POS),
+                                       format_str);
+    } else {
+      return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(code_unit<char_type>{str[POS]},
+                                       format_str);
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -587,8 +609,7 @@ template <typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args,
 FMT_INLINE std::basic_string<Char> format(const CompiledFormat& cf,
                                           const Args&... args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
-  detail::buffer<Char>& base = buffer;
+  cf.format(detail::buffer_appender<Char>(buffer), args...);
-  cf.format(std::back_inserter(base), args...);
   return to_string(buffer);
 }
 
@@ -608,8 +629,7 @@ template <typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args,
 std::basic_string<Char> format(const CompiledFormat& cf, const Args&... args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
   using context = buffer_context<Char>;
-  detail::buffer<Char>& base = buffer;
+  detail::cf::vformat_to<context>(detail::buffer_appender<Char>(buffer), cf,
-  detail::cf::vformat_to<context>(std::back_inserter(base), cf,
                                   make_format_args<context>(args...));
   return to_string(buffer);
 }
@@ -618,9 +638,13 @@ template <typename S, typename... Args,
           FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
 FMT_INLINE std::basic_string<typename S::char_type> format(const S&,
                                                            Args&&... args) {
-  constexpr basic_string_view<typename S::char_type> str = S();
+#ifdef __cpp_if_constexpr
-  if (str.size() == 2 && str[0] == '{' && str[1] == '}')
+  if constexpr (std::is_same<typename S::char_type, char>::value) {
-    return fmt::to_string(detail::first(args...));
+    constexpr basic_string_view<typename S::char_type> str = S();
+    if (str.size() == 2 && str[0] == '{' && str[1] == '}')
+      return fmt::to_string(detail::first(args...));
+  }
+#endif
   constexpr auto compiled = detail::compile<Args...>(S());
   return format(compiled, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
@@ -643,18 +667,30 @@ OutputIt format_to(OutputIt out, const S&, const Args&... args) {
   return format_to(out, compiled, args...);
 }
 
-template <
+template <typename OutputIt, typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args>
-    typename OutputIt, typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args,
+auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const CompiledFormat& cf,
-    FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt>::value&& std::is_base_of<
+                 const Args&... args) ->
-                  detail::basic_compiled_format, CompiledFormat>::value)>
+    typename std::enable_if<
-format_to_n_result<OutputIt> format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n,
+        detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt,
-                                         const CompiledFormat& cf,
+                                   typename CompiledFormat::char_type>::value &&
-                                         const Args&... args) {
+            std::is_base_of<detail::basic_compiled_format,
+                            CompiledFormat>::value,
+        format_to_n_result<OutputIt>>::type {
   auto it =
       format_to(detail::truncating_iterator<OutputIt>(out, n), cf, args...);
   return {it.base(), it.count()};
 }
 
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+format_to_n_result<OutputIt> format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S&,
+                                         const Args&... args) {
+  constexpr auto compiled = detail::compile<Args...>(S());
+  auto it = format_to(detail::truncating_iterator<OutputIt>(out, n), compiled,
+                      args...);
+  return {it.base(), it.count()};
+}
+
 template <typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args>
 size_t formatted_size(const CompiledFormat& cf, const Args&... args) {
   return format_to(detail::counting_iterator(), cf, args...).count();

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/core.h

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 // The fmt library version in the form major * 10000 + minor * 100 + patch.
-#define FMT_VERSION 70003
+#define FMT_VERSION 70103
 
 #ifdef __clang__
 #  define FMT_CLANG_VERSION (__clang_major__ * 100 + __clang_minor__)
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 #  define FMT_MSC_VER 0
 #  define FMT_SUPPRESS_MSC_WARNING(n)
 #endif
+
 #ifdef __has_feature
 #  define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) __has_feature(x)
 #else
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__has_include) && !defined(__INTELLISENSE__) && \
-    !(FMT_ICC_VERSION && FMT_ICC_VERSION < 1600)
+    (!FMT_ICC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION >= 1600)
 #  define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) __has_include(x)
 #else
 #  define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) 0
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #ifndef FMT_OVERRIDE
-#  if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_override) || \
+#  if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_override_control) || \
       (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
 #    define FMT_OVERRIDE override
 #  else
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@
 #  if FMT_HAS_CPP14_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
 #    define FMT_DEPRECATED [[deprecated]]
 #  else
-#    if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#    if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__LCC__)) || defined(__clang__)
 #      define FMT_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
 #    elif FMT_MSC_VER
 #      define FMT_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
@@ -177,9 +178,17 @@
 #  endif
 #endif
 
-#ifndef FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+#ifndef FMT_USE_INLINE_NAMESPACES
 #  if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_inline_namespaces) || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 404 || \
-      FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
+      (FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900 && !_MANAGED)
+#    define FMT_USE_INLINE_NAMESPACES 1
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_INLINE_NAMESPACES 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+#  if FMT_USE_INLINE_NAMESPACES
 #    define FMT_INLINE_NAMESPACE inline namespace
 #    define FMT_END_NAMESPACE \
       }                       \
@@ -269,8 +278,7 @@ struct monostate {};
 
 namespace detail {
 
-// A helper function to suppress bogus "conditional expression is constant"
+// A helper function to suppress "conditional expression is constant" warnings.
-// warnings.
 template <typename T> constexpr T const_check(T value) { return value; }
 
 FMT_NORETURN FMT_API void assert_fail(const char* file, int line,
@@ -299,7 +307,8 @@ template <typename T> struct std_string_view {};
 
 #ifdef FMT_USE_INT128
 // Do nothing.
-#elif defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__) && !FMT_NVCC && !(FMT_CLANG_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VER)
+#elif defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__) && !FMT_NVCC && \
+    !(FMT_CLANG_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VER)
 #  define FMT_USE_INT128 1
 using int128_t = __int128_t;
 using uint128_t = __uint128_t;
@@ -506,6 +515,18 @@ template <typename S> struct char_t_impl<S, enable_if_t<is_string<S>::value>> {
   using type = typename result::value_type;
 };
 
+// Reports a compile-time error if S is not a valid format string.
+template <typename..., typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_compile_string<S>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE void check_format_string(const S&) {
+#ifdef FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING
+  static_assert(is_compile_string<S>::value,
+                "FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING requires all format strings to use "
+                "FMT_STRING.");
+#endif
+}
+template <typename..., typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compile_string<S>::value)>
+void check_format_string(S);
+
 struct error_handler {
   constexpr error_handler() = default;
   constexpr error_handler(const error_handler&) = default;
@@ -545,8 +566,9 @@ class basic_format_parse_context : private ErrorHandler {
   using iterator = typename basic_string_view<Char>::iterator;
 
   explicit constexpr basic_format_parse_context(
-      basic_string_view<Char> format_str, ErrorHandler eh = {})
+      basic_string_view<Char> format_str, ErrorHandler eh = {},
-      : ErrorHandler(eh), format_str_(format_str), next_arg_id_(0) {}
+      int next_arg_id = 0)
+      : ErrorHandler(eh), format_str_(format_str), next_arg_id_(next_arg_id) {}
 
   /**
     Returns an iterator to the beginning of the format string range being
@@ -616,8 +638,24 @@ template <typename T, typename Context>
 using has_formatter =
     std::is_constructible<typename Context::template formatter_type<T>>;
 
+// Checks whether T is a container with contiguous storage.
+template <typename T> struct is_contiguous : std::false_type {};
+template <typename Char>
+struct is_contiguous<std::basic_string<Char>> : std::true_type {};
+
 namespace detail {
 
+// Extracts a reference to the container from back_insert_iterator.
+template <typename Container>
+inline Container& get_container(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> it) {
+  using bi_iterator = std::back_insert_iterator<Container>;
+  struct accessor : bi_iterator {
+    accessor(bi_iterator iter) : bi_iterator(iter) {}
+    using bi_iterator::container;
+  };
+  return *accessor(it).container;
+}
+
 /**
   \rst
   A contiguous memory buffer with an optional growing ability. It is an internal
@@ -640,6 +678,8 @@ template <typename T> class buffer {
         size_(sz),
         capacity_(cap) {}
 
+  ~buffer() = default;
+
   /** Sets the buffer data and capacity. */
   void set(T* buf_data, size_t buf_capacity) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
     ptr_ = buf_data;
@@ -655,7 +695,6 @@ template <typename T> class buffer {
 
   buffer(const buffer&) = delete;
   void operator=(const buffer&) = delete;
-  virtual ~buffer() = default;
 
   T* begin() FMT_NOEXCEPT { return ptr_; }
   T* end() FMT_NOEXCEPT { return ptr_ + size_; }
@@ -675,24 +714,26 @@ template <typename T> class buffer {
   /** Returns a pointer to the buffer data. */
   const T* data() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return ptr_; }
 
-  /**
-    Resizes the buffer. If T is a POD type new elements may not be initialized.
-   */
-  void resize(size_t new_size) {
-    reserve(new_size);
-    size_ = new_size;
-  }
-
   /** Clears this buffer. */
   void clear() { size_ = 0; }
 
-  /** Reserves space to store at least *capacity* elements. */
+  // Tries resizing the buffer to contain *count* elements. If T is a POD type
-  void reserve(size_t new_capacity) {
+  // the new elements may not be initialized.
+  void try_resize(size_t count) {
+    try_reserve(count);
+    size_ = count <= capacity_ ? count : capacity_;
+  }
+
+  // Tries increasing the buffer capacity to *new_capacity*. It can increase the
+  // capacity by a smaller amount than requested but guarantees there is space
+  // for at least one additional element either by increasing the capacity or by
+  // flushing the buffer if it is full.
+  void try_reserve(size_t new_capacity) {
     if (new_capacity > capacity_) grow(new_capacity);
   }
 
   void push_back(const T& value) {
-    reserve(size_ + 1);
+    try_reserve(size_ + 1);
     ptr_[size_++] = value;
   }
 
@@ -705,32 +746,150 @@ template <typename T> class buffer {
   }
 };
 
-// A container-backed buffer.
+struct buffer_traits {
+  explicit buffer_traits(size_t) {}
+  size_t count() const { return 0; }
+  size_t limit(size_t size) { return size; }
+};
+
+class fixed_buffer_traits {
+ private:
+  size_t count_ = 0;
+  size_t limit_;
+
+ public:
+  explicit fixed_buffer_traits(size_t limit) : limit_(limit) {}
+  size_t count() const { return count_; }
+  size_t limit(size_t size) {
+    size_t n = limit_ > count_ ? limit_ - count_ : 0;
+    count_ += size;
+    return size < n ? size : n;
+  }
+};
+
+// A buffer that writes to an output iterator when flushed.
+template <typename OutputIt, typename T, typename Traits = buffer_traits>
+class iterator_buffer final : public Traits, public buffer<T> {
+ private:
+  OutputIt out_;
+  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
+  T data_[buffer_size];
+
+ protected:
+  void grow(size_t) final FMT_OVERRIDE {
+    if (this->size() == buffer_size) flush();
+  }
+  void flush();
+
+ public:
+  explicit iterator_buffer(OutputIt out, size_t n = buffer_size)
+      : Traits(n),
+        buffer<T>(data_, 0, buffer_size),
+        out_(out) {}
+  ~iterator_buffer() { flush(); }
+
+  OutputIt out() {
+    flush();
+    return out_;
+  }
+  size_t count() const { return Traits::count() + this->size(); }
+};
+
+template <typename T> class iterator_buffer<T*, T> final : public buffer<T> {
+ protected:
+  void grow(size_t) final FMT_OVERRIDE {}
+
+ public:
+  explicit iterator_buffer(T* out, size_t = 0) : buffer<T>(out, 0, ~size_t()) {}
+
+  T* out() { return &*this->end(); }
+};
+
+// A buffer that writes to a container with the contiguous storage.
 template <typename Container>
-class container_buffer : public buffer<typename Container::value_type> {
+class iterator_buffer<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>,
+                      enable_if_t<is_contiguous<Container>::value,
+                                  typename Container::value_type>>
+    final : public buffer<typename Container::value_type> {
  private:
   Container& container_;
 
  protected:
-  void grow(size_t capacity) FMT_OVERRIDE {
+  void grow(size_t capacity) final FMT_OVERRIDE {
     container_.resize(capacity);
     this->set(&container_[0], capacity);
   }
 
  public:
-  explicit container_buffer(Container& c)
+  explicit iterator_buffer(Container& c)
       : buffer<typename Container::value_type>(c.size()), container_(c) {}
+  explicit iterator_buffer(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, size_t = 0)
+      : iterator_buffer(get_container(out)) {}
+  std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out() {
+    return std::back_inserter(container_);
+  }
 };
 
-// Extracts a reference to the container from back_insert_iterator.
+// A buffer that counts the number of code units written discarding the output.
-template <typename Container>
+template <typename T = char> class counting_buffer final : public buffer<T> {
-inline Container& get_container(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> it) {
+ private:
-  using bi_iterator = std::back_insert_iterator<Container>;
+  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
-  struct accessor : bi_iterator {
+  T data_[buffer_size];
-    accessor(bi_iterator iter) : bi_iterator(iter) {}
+  size_t count_ = 0;
-    using bi_iterator::container;
+
-  };
+ protected:
-  return *accessor(it).container;
+  void grow(size_t) final FMT_OVERRIDE {
+    if (this->size() != buffer_size) return;
+    count_ += this->size();
+    this->clear();
+  }
+
+ public:
+  counting_buffer() : buffer<T>(data_, 0, buffer_size) {}
+
+  size_t count() { return count_ + this->size(); }
+};
+
+// An output iterator that appends to the buffer.
+// It is used to reduce symbol sizes for the common case.
+template <typename T>
+class buffer_appender : public std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<T>> {
+  using base = std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<T>>;
+
+ public:
+  explicit buffer_appender(buffer<T>& buf) : base(buf) {}
+  buffer_appender(base it) : base(it) {}
+
+  buffer_appender& operator++() {
+    base::operator++();
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  buffer_appender operator++(int) {
+    buffer_appender tmp = *this;
+    ++*this;
+    return tmp;
+  }
+};
+
+// Maps an output iterator into a buffer.
+template <typename T, typename OutputIt>
+iterator_buffer<OutputIt, T> get_buffer(OutputIt);
+template <typename T> buffer<T>& get_buffer(buffer_appender<T>);
+
+template <typename OutputIt> OutputIt get_buffer_init(OutputIt out) {
+  return out;
+}
+template <typename T> buffer<T>& get_buffer_init(buffer_appender<T> out) {
+  return get_container(out);
+}
+
+template <typename Buffer>
+auto get_iterator(Buffer& buf) -> decltype(buf.out()) {
+  return buf.out();
+}
+template <typename T> buffer_appender<T> get_iterator(buffer<T>& buf) {
+  return buffer_appender<T>(buf);
 }
 
 template <typename T, typename Char = char, typename Enable = void>
@@ -759,7 +918,8 @@ template <typename Char> struct named_arg_info {
 template <typename T, typename Char, size_t NUM_ARGS, size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS>
 struct arg_data {
   // args_[0].named_args points to named_args_ to avoid bloating format_args.
-  T args_[1 + (NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : 1)];
+  // +1 to workaround a bug in gcc 7.5 that causes duplicated-branches warning.
+  T args_[1 + (NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : +1)];
   named_arg_info<Char> named_args_[NUM_NAMED_ARGS];
 
   template <typename... U>
@@ -771,7 +931,8 @@ struct arg_data {
 
 template <typename T, typename Char, size_t NUM_ARGS>
 struct arg_data<T, Char, NUM_ARGS, 0> {
-  T args_[NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : 1];
+  // +1 to workaround a bug in gcc 7.5 that causes duplicated-branches warning.
+  T args_[NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : +1];
 
   template <typename... U>
   FMT_INLINE arg_data(const U&... init) : args_{init...} {}
@@ -959,6 +1120,8 @@ enum { long_short = sizeof(long) == sizeof(int) };
 using long_type = conditional_t<long_short, int, long long>;
 using ulong_type = conditional_t<long_short, unsigned, unsigned long long>;
 
+struct unformattable {};
+
 // Maps formatting arguments to core types.
 template <typename Context> struct arg_mapper {
   using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
@@ -1067,15 +1230,7 @@ template <typename Context> struct arg_mapper {
     return map(val.value);
   }
 
-  int map(...) {
+  unformattable map(...) { return {}; }
-    constexpr bool formattable = sizeof(Context) == 0;
-    static_assert(
-        formattable,
-        "Cannot format argument. To make type T formattable provide a "
-        "formatter<T> specialization: "
-        "https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html#formatting-user-defined-types");
-    return 0;
-  }
 };
 
 // A type constant after applying arg_mapper<Context>.
@@ -1199,15 +1354,25 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL FMT_INLINE auto visit_format_arg(
   return vis(monostate());
 }
 
-// Checks whether T is a container with contiguous storage.
+template <typename T> struct formattable : std::false_type {};
-template <typename T> struct is_contiguous : std::false_type {};
-template <typename Char>
-struct is_contiguous<std::basic_string<Char>> : std::true_type {};
-template <typename Char>
-struct is_contiguous<detail::buffer<Char>> : std::true_type {};
 
 namespace detail {
 
+// A workaround for gcc 4.8 to make void_t work in a SFINAE context.
+template <typename... Ts> struct void_t_impl { using type = void; };
+template <typename... Ts>
+using void_t = typename detail::void_t_impl<Ts...>::type;
+
+template <typename It, typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_output_iterator : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename It, typename T>
+struct is_output_iterator<
+    It, T,
+    void_t<typename std::iterator_traits<It>::iterator_category,
+           decltype(*std::declval<It>() = std::declval<T>())>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
 template <typename OutputIt>
 struct is_back_insert_iterator : std::false_type {};
 template <typename Container>
@@ -1219,6 +1384,9 @@ struct is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator : std::false_type {};
 template <typename Container>
 struct is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>
     : is_contiguous<Container> {};
+template <typename Char>
+struct is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator<buffer_appender<Char>>
+    : std::true_type {};
 
 // A type-erased reference to an std::locale to avoid heavy <locale> include.
 class locale_ref {
@@ -1250,13 +1418,24 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg<Context> make_arg(const T& value) {
   return arg;
 }
 
+template <typename T> int check(unformattable) {
+  static_assert(
+      formattable<T>(),
+      "Cannot format an argument. To make type T formattable provide a "
+      "formatter<T> specialization: https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html#udt");
+  return 0;
+}
+template <typename T, typename U> inline const U& check(const U& val) {
+  return val;
+}
+
 // The type template parameter is there to avoid an ODR violation when using
 // a fallback formatter in one translation unit and an implicit conversion in
 // another (not recommended).
 template <bool IS_PACKED, typename Context, type, typename T,
           FMT_ENABLE_IF(IS_PACKED)>
 inline value<Context> make_arg(const T& val) {
-  return arg_mapper<Context>().map(val);
+  return check<T>(arg_mapper<Context>().map(val));
 }
 
 template <bool IS_PACKED, typename Context, type, typename T,
@@ -1356,13 +1535,13 @@ template <typename OutputIt, typename Char> class basic_format_context {
 
 template <typename Char>
 using buffer_context =
-    basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<detail::buffer<Char>>, Char>;
+    basic_format_context<detail::buffer_appender<Char>, Char>;
 using format_context = buffer_context<char>;
 using wformat_context = buffer_context<wchar_t>;
 
-// Workaround a bug in gcc: https://stackoverflow.com/q/62767544/471164.
+// Workaround an alias issue: https://stackoverflow.com/q/62767544/471164.
 #define FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(Char) \
-  basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<detail::buffer<Char>>, Char>
+  basic_format_context<detail::buffer_appender<Char>, Char>
 
 /**
   \rst
@@ -1414,7 +1593,7 @@ class format_arg_store
 
 /**
   \rst
-  Constructs an `~fmt::format_arg_store` object that contains references to
+  Constructs a `~fmt::format_arg_store` object that contains references to
   arguments and can be implicitly converted to `~fmt::format_args`. `Context`
   can be omitted in which case it defaults to `~fmt::context`.
   See `~fmt::arg` for lifetime considerations.
@@ -1426,6 +1605,27 @@ inline format_arg_store<Context, Args...> make_format_args(
   return {args...};
 }
 
+/**
+  \rst
+  Constructs a `~fmt::format_arg_store` object that contains references
+  to arguments and can be implicitly converted to `~fmt::format_args`.
+  If ``format_str`` is a compile-time string then `make_args_checked` checks
+  its validity at compile time.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template <typename... Args, typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>>
+inline auto make_args_checked(const S& format_str,
+                              const remove_reference_t<Args>&... args)
+    -> format_arg_store<buffer_context<Char>, remove_reference_t<Args>...> {
+  static_assert(
+      detail::count<(
+              std::is_base_of<detail::view, remove_reference_t<Args>>::value &&
+              std::is_reference<Args>::value)...>() == 0,
+      "passing views as lvalues is disallowed");
+  detail::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
+  return {args...};
+}
+
 /**
   \rst
   Returns a named argument to be used in a formatting function. It should only
@@ -1729,7 +1929,14 @@ template <typename Context> class basic_format_args {
   }
 };
 
-/** An alias to ``basic_format_args<context>``. */
+#ifdef FMT_ARM_ABI_COMPATIBILITY
+/** An alias to ``basic_format_args<format_context>``. */
+// Separate types would result in shorter symbols but break ABI compatibility
+// between clang and gcc on ARM (#1919).
+using format_args = basic_format_args<format_context>;
+using wformat_args = basic_format_args<wformat_context>;
+#else
+// DEPRECATED! These are kept for ABI compatibility.
 // It is a separate type rather than an alias to make symbols readable.
 struct format_args : basic_format_args<format_context> {
   template <typename... Args>
@@ -1738,32 +1945,10 @@ struct format_args : basic_format_args<format_context> {
 struct wformat_args : basic_format_args<wformat_context> {
   using basic_format_args::basic_format_args;
 };
+#endif
 
 namespace detail {
 
-// Reports a compile-time error if S is not a valid format string.
-template <typename..., typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_compile_string<S>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE void check_format_string(const S&) {
-#ifdef FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING
-  static_assert(is_compile_string<S>::value,
-                "FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING requires all format strings to use "
-                "FMT_STRING.");
-#endif
-}
-template <typename..., typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compile_string<S>::value)>
-void check_format_string(S);
-
-template <typename... Args, typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>>
-inline format_arg_store<buffer_context<Char>, remove_reference_t<Args>...>
-make_args_checked(const S& format_str,
-                  const remove_reference_t<Args>&... args) {
-  static_assert(count<(std::is_base_of<view, remove_reference_t<Args>>::value &&
-                       std::is_reference<Args>::value)...>() == 0,
-                "passing views as lvalues is disallowed");
-  check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
-  return {args...};
-}
-
 template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
 std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
     basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
@@ -1772,9 +1957,10 @@ std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
 FMT_API std::string vformat(string_view format_str, format_args args);
 
 template <typename Char>
-typename FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(Char)::iterator vformat_to(
+void vformat_to(
     buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(type_identity_t<Char>)> args);
+    basic_format_args<FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(type_identity_t<Char>)> args,
+    detail::locale_ref loc = {});
 
 template <typename Char, typename Args,
           FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
@@ -1789,26 +1975,80 @@ inline void vprint_mojibake(std::FILE*, string_view, format_args) {}
 /** Formats a string and writes the output to ``out``. */
 // GCC 8 and earlier cannot handle std::back_insert_iterator<Container> with
 // vformat_to<ArgFormatter>(...) overload, so SFINAE on iterator type instead.
-template <
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>,
-    typename OutputIt, typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>,
+          bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value>
-    FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value)>
+auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const S& format_str,
-OutputIt vformat_to(
+                basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args)
-    OutputIt out, const S& format_str,
+    -> typename std::enable_if<enable, OutputIt>::type {
-    basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
+  decltype(detail::get_buffer<Char>(out)) buf(detail::get_buffer_init(out));
-  auto& c = detail::get_container(out);
-  detail::container_buffer<remove_reference_t<decltype(c)>> buf(c);
   detail::vformat_to(buf, to_string_view(format_str), args);
-  return out;
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf);
 }
 
-template <typename Container, typename S, typename... Args,
+/**
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(
+ \rst
-              is_contiguous<Container>::value&& detail::is_string<S>::value)>
+ Formats arguments, writes the result to the output iterator ``out`` and returns
-inline std::back_insert_iterator<Container> format_to(
+ the iterator past the end of the output range.
-    std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, const S& format_str,
+
-    Args&&... args) {
+ **Example**::
-  return vformat_to(out, to_string_view(format_str),
+
-                    detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
+   std::vector<char> out;
+   fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out), "{}", 42);
+ \endrst
+ */
+// We cannot use FMT_ENABLE_IF because of a bug in gcc 8.3.
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
+          bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char_t<S>>::value>
+inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const S& format_str, Args&&... args) ->
+    typename std::enable_if<enable, OutputIt>::type {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
+  return vformat_to(out, to_string_view(format_str), vargs);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt> struct format_to_n_result {
+  /** Iterator past the end of the output range. */
+  OutputIt out;
+  /** Total (not truncated) output size. */
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value)>
+inline format_to_n_result<OutputIt> vformat_to_n(
+    OutputIt out, size_t n, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
+  detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, Char, detail::fixed_buffer_traits> buf(out,
+                                                                           n);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, format_str, args);
+  return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
+}
+
+/**
+ \rst
+ Formats arguments, writes up to ``n`` characters of the result to the output
+ iterator ``out`` and returns the total output size and the iterator past the
+ end of the output range.
+ \endrst
+ */
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
+          bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char_t<S>>::value>
+inline auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S& format_str,
+                        const Args&... args) ->
+    typename std::enable_if<enable, format_to_n_result<OutputIt>>::type {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
+  return vformat_to_n(out, n, to_string_view(format_str), vargs);
+}
+
+/**
+  Returns the number of characters in the output of
+  ``format(format_str, args...)``.
+ */
+template <typename... Args>
+inline size_t formatted_size(string_view format_str, Args&&... args) {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
+  detail::counting_buffer<> buf;
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, format_str, vargs);
+  return buf.count();
 }
 
 template <typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>>
@@ -1832,7 +2072,7 @@ FMT_INLINE std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
 // std::basic_string<char_t<S>> to reduce the symbol size.
 template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 FMT_INLINE std::basic_string<Char> format(const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
-  const auto& vargs = detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
   return detail::vformat(to_string_view(format_str), vargs);
 }
 
@@ -1852,7 +2092,7 @@ FMT_API void vprint(std::FILE*, string_view, format_args);
  */
 template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 inline void print(std::FILE* f, const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
-  const auto& vargs = detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
   return detail::is_unicode<Char>()
              ? vprint(f, to_string_view(format_str), vargs)
              : detail::vprint_mojibake(f, to_string_view(format_str), vargs);
@@ -1871,7 +2111,7 @@ inline void print(std::FILE* f, const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
  */
 template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 inline void print(const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
-  const auto& vargs = detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
   return detail::is_unicode<Char>()
              ? vprint(to_string_view(format_str), vargs)
              : detail::vprint_mojibake(stdout, to_string_view(format_str),

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/locale.h

@@ -15,22 +15,12 @@
 FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
 namespace detail {
-template <typename Char>
-typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator vformat_to(
-    const std::locale& loc, buffer<Char>& buf,
-    basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
-  using af = arg_formatter<typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator, Char>;
-  return vformat_to<af>(std::back_inserter(buf), to_string_view(format_str),
-                        args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
-}
-
 template <typename Char>
 std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
     const std::locale& loc, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
     basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
-  detail::vformat_to(loc, buffer, format_str, args);
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
   return fmt::to_string(buffer);
 }
 }  // namespace detail
@@ -45,32 +35,28 @@ inline std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
 template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 inline std::basic_string<Char> format(const std::locale& loc,
                                       const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
-  return detail::vformat(
+  return detail::vformat(loc, to_string_view(format_str),
-      loc, to_string_view(format_str),
+                         fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
-      detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
 }
 
 template <typename S, typename OutputIt, typename... Args,
-          typename Char = enable_if_t<
+          typename Char = char_t<S>,
-              detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt>::value, char_t<S>>>
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value)>
 inline OutputIt vformat_to(
     OutputIt out, const std::locale& loc, const S& format_str,
-    format_args_t<type_identity_t<OutputIt>, Char> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
-  using af = detail::arg_formatter<OutputIt, Char>;
+  decltype(detail::get_buffer<Char>(out)) buf(detail::get_buffer_init(out));
-  return vformat_to<af>(out, to_string_view(format_str), args,
+  vformat_to(buf, to_string_view(format_str), args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
-                        detail::locale_ref(loc));
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf);
 }
 
 template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt>::value&&
+          bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char_t<S>>::value>
-                            detail::is_string<S>::value)>
+inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const std::locale& loc,
-inline OutputIt format_to(OutputIt out, const std::locale& loc,
+                      const S& format_str, Args&&... args) ->
-                          const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
+    typename std::enable_if<enable, OutputIt>::type {
-  detail::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...);
-  using context = format_context_t<OutputIt, char_t<S>>;
+  return vformat_to(out, loc, to_string_view(format_str), vargs);
-  format_arg_store<context, Args...> as{args...};
-  return vformat_to(out, loc, to_string_view(format_str),
-                    basic_format_args<context>(as));
 }
 
 FMT_END_NAMESPACE

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/os.h

@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@
 #if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("winapifamily.h")
 #  include <winapifamily.h>
 #endif
-#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("fcntl.h") && \
+#if (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<fcntl.h>) || defined(__APPLE__) || \
+     defined(__linux__)) &&                              \
     (!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
 #  include <fcntl.h>  // for O_RDONLY
 #  define FMT_USE_FCNTL 1
@@ -278,7 +279,8 @@ class file {
     RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY),  // Open for reading only.
     WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY),  // Open for writing only.
     RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR),      // Open for reading and writing.
-    CREATE = FMT_POSIX(O_CREAT)    // Create if the file doesn't exist.
+    CREATE = FMT_POSIX(O_CREAT),   // Create if the file doesn't exist.
+    APPEND = FMT_POSIX(O_APPEND)   // Open in append mode.
   };
 
   // Constructs a file object which doesn't represent any file.
@@ -343,36 +345,69 @@ class file {
 // Returns the memory page size.
 long getpagesize();
 
-class direct_buffered_file;
+namespace detail {
 
-template <typename S, typename... Args>
+struct buffer_size {
-void print(direct_buffered_file& f, const S& format_str,
+  size_t value = 0;
-           const Args&... args);
+  buffer_size operator=(size_t val) const {
+    auto bs = buffer_size();
+    bs.value = val;
+    return bs;
+  }
+};
 
-// A buffered file with a direct buffer access and no synchronization.
+struct ostream_params {
-class direct_buffered_file {
+  int oflag = file::WRONLY | file::CREATE;
+  size_t buffer_size = BUFSIZ > 32768 ? BUFSIZ : 32768;
+
+  ostream_params() {}
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  ostream_params(T... params, int oflag) : ostream_params(params...) {
+    this->oflag = oflag;
+  }
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  ostream_params(T... params, detail::buffer_size bs)
+      : ostream_params(params...) {
+    this->buffer_size = bs.value;
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+static constexpr detail::buffer_size buffer_size;
+
+// A fast output stream which is not thread-safe.
+class ostream final : private detail::buffer<char> {
  private:
   file file_;
 
-  enum { buffer_size = 4096 };
-  char buffer_[buffer_size];
-  int pos_;
-
   void flush() {
-    if (pos_ == 0) return;
+    if (size() == 0) return;
-    file_.write(buffer_, pos_);
+    file_.write(data(), size());
-    pos_ = 0;
+    clear();
   }
 
-  int free_capacity() const { return buffer_size - pos_; }
+  FMT_API void grow(size_t) override final;
+
+  ostream(cstring_view path, const detail::ostream_params& params)
+      : file_(path, params.oflag) {
+    set(new char[params.buffer_size], params.buffer_size);
+  }
 
  public:
-  direct_buffered_file(cstring_view path, int oflag)
+  ostream(ostream&& other)
-    : file_(path, oflag), pos_(0) {}
+      : detail::buffer<char>(other.data(), other.size(), other.capacity()),
-
+        file_(std::move(other.file_)) {
-  ~direct_buffered_file() {
+    other.set(nullptr, 0);
-    flush();
   }
+  ~ostream() {
+    flush();
+    delete[] data();
+  }
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  friend ostream output_file(cstring_view path, T... params);
 
   void close() {
     flush();
@@ -380,25 +415,20 @@ class direct_buffered_file {
   }
 
   template <typename S, typename... Args>
-  friend void print(direct_buffered_file& f, const S& format_str,
+  void print(const S& format_str, const Args&... args) {
-                    const Args&... args) {
+    format_to(detail::buffer_appender<char>(*this), format_str, args...);
-    // We could avoid double buffering.
-    auto buf = fmt::memory_buffer();
-    fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), format_str, args...);
-    auto remaining_pos = 0;
-    auto remaining_size = buf.size();
-    while (remaining_size > detail::to_unsigned(f.free_capacity())) {
-      auto size = f.free_capacity();
-      memcpy(f.buffer_ + f.pos_, buf.data() + remaining_pos, size);
-      f.pos_ += size;
-      f.flush();
-      remaining_pos += size;
-      remaining_size -= size;
-    }
-    memcpy(f.buffer_ + f.pos_, buf.data() + remaining_pos, remaining_size);
-    f.pos_ += static_cast<int>(remaining_size);
   }
 };
+
+/**
+  Opens a file for writing. Supported parameters passed in `params`:
+  * ``<integer>``: Output flags (``file::WRONLY | file::CREATE`` by default)
+  * ``buffer_size=<integer>``: Output buffer size
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+inline ostream output_file(cstring_view path, T... params) {
+  return {path, detail::ostream_params(params...)};
+}
 #endif  // FMT_USE_FCNTL
 
 #ifdef FMT_LOCALE

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ostream.h

@@ -49,17 +49,27 @@ template <class Char> class formatbuf : public std::basic_streambuf<Char> {
   }
 };
 
+struct converter {
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value)> converter(T);
+};
+
 template <typename Char> struct test_stream : std::basic_ostream<Char> {
  private:
-  // Hide all operator<< from std::basic_ostream<Char>.
+  void_t<> operator<<(converter);
-  void_t<> operator<<(null<>);
-  void_t<> operator<<(const Char*);
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_convertible<T, int>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_enum<T>::value)>
-  void_t<> operator<<(T);
 };
 
+// Hide insertion operators for built-in types.
+template <typename Char, typename Traits>
+void_t<> operator<<(std::basic_ostream<Char, Traits>&, Char);
+template <typename Char, typename Traits>
+void_t<> operator<<(std::basic_ostream<Char, Traits>&, char);
+template <typename Traits>
+void_t<> operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, Traits>&, char);
+template <typename Traits>
+void_t<> operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, Traits>&, signed char);
+template <typename Traits>
+void_t<> operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, Traits>&, unsigned char);
+
 // Checks if T has a user-defined operator<< (e.g. not a member of
 // std::ostream).
 template <typename T, typename Char> class is_streamable {
@@ -103,7 +113,7 @@ void format_value(buffer<Char>& buf, const T& value,
 #endif
   output << value;
   output.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit | std::ios_base::badbit);
-  buf.resize(buf.size());
+  buf.try_resize(buf.size());
 }
 
 // Formats an object of type T that has an overloaded ostream operator<<.
@@ -160,7 +170,7 @@ template <typename S, typename... Args,
           typename Char = enable_if_t<detail::is_string<S>::value, char_t<S>>>
 void print(std::basic_ostream<Char>& os, const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
   vprint(os, to_string_view(format_str),
-         detail::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
+         fmt::make_args_checked<Args...>(format_str, args...));
 }
 FMT_END_NAMESPACE
 

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/printf.h

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ template <typename Char> class printf_width_handler {
 template <typename Char, typename Context>
 void vprintf(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format,
              basic_format_args<Context> args) {
-  Context(std::back_inserter(buf), format, args).format();
+  Context(buffer_appender<Char>(buf), format, args).format();
 }
 }  // namespace detail
 
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ OutputIt basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char>::format() {
 
 template <typename Char>
 using basic_printf_context_t =
-    basic_printf_context<std::back_insert_iterator<detail::buffer<Char>>, Char>;
+    basic_printf_context<detail::buffer_appender<Char>, Char>;
 
 using printf_context = basic_printf_context_t<char>;
 using wprintf_context = basic_printf_context_t<wchar_t>;

include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ranges.h

@@ -157,6 +157,9 @@ template <class Tuple, class F> void for_each(Tuple&& tup, F&& f) {
   for_each(indexes, std::forward<Tuple>(tup), std::forward<F>(f));
 }
 
+template <typename Range>
+using value_type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(*std::declval<Range>().begin())>;
+
 template <typename Arg, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_like_std_string<
                                       typename std::decay<Arg>::type>::value)>
 FMT_CONSTEXPR const char* format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const Arg&) {
@@ -182,7 +185,6 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR const char* format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const char) {
 FMT_CONSTEXPR const wchar_t* format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const wchar_t) {
   return add_space ? L" '{}'" : L"'{}'";
 }
-
 }  // namespace detail
 
 template <typename T> struct is_tuple_like {
@@ -246,9 +248,18 @@ template <typename T, typename Char> struct is_range {
       !std::is_constructible<detail::std_string_view<Char>, T>::value;
 };
 
-template <typename RangeT, typename Char>
+template <typename T, typename Char>
-struct formatter<RangeT, Char,
+struct formatter<
-                 enable_if_t<fmt::is_range<RangeT, Char>::value>> {
+    T, Char,
+    enable_if_t<fmt::is_range<T, Char>::value
+// Workaround a bug in MSVC 2017 and earlier.
+#if !FMT_MSC_VER || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1927
+                &&
+                (has_formatter<detail::value_type<T>, format_context>::value ||
+                 detail::has_fallback_formatter<detail::value_type<T>,
+                                                format_context>::value)
+#endif
+                >> {
   formatting_range<Char> formatting;
 
   template <typename ParseContext>
@@ -257,8 +268,7 @@ struct formatter<RangeT, Char,
   }
 
   template <typename FormatContext>
-  typename FormatContext::iterator format(const RangeT& values,
+  typename FormatContext::iterator format(const T& values, FormatContext& ctx) {
-                                          FormatContext& ctx) {
     auto out = detail::copy(formatting.prefix, ctx.out());
     size_t i = 0;
     auto it = values.begin();

include/spdlog/logger-inl.h

@@ -247,7 +247,11 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE void logger::err_handler_(const std::string &msg)
         auto tm_time = details::os::localtime(system_clock::to_time_t(now));
         char date_buf[64];
         std::strftime(date_buf, sizeof(date_buf), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &tm_time);
-        fprintf(stderr, "[*** LOG ERROR #%04zu ***] [%s] [%s] {%s}\n", err_counter, date_buf, name().c_str(), msg.c_str());
+#if defined(USING_R) && defined(R_R_H) // if in R environment
+        REprintf("[*** LOG ERROR #%04zu ***] [%s] [%s] {%s}\n", err_counter, date_buf, name().c_str(), msg.c_str());
+#else
+        std::fprintf(stderr, "[*** LOG ERROR #%04zu ***] [%s] [%s] {%s}\n", err_counter, date_buf, name().c_str(), msg.c_str());
+#endif
     }
 }
 } // namespace spdlog

include/spdlog/logger.h

@@ -75,58 +75,58 @@ public:
 
     // FormatString is a type derived from fmt::compile_string
     template<typename FormatString, typename std::enable_if<fmt::is_compile_string<FormatString>::value, int>::type = 0, typename... Args>
-    void log(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void log(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log_(loc, lvl, fmt, args...);
+        log_(loc, lvl, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     // FormatString is NOT a type derived from fmt::compile_string but is a string_view_t or can be implicitly converted to one
     template<typename... Args>
-    void log(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, string_view_t fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void log(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, string_view_t fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log_(loc, lvl, fmt, args...);
+        log_(loc, lvl, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void log(level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void log(level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(source_loc{}, lvl, fmt, args...);
+        log(source_loc{}, lvl, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void trace(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void trace(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(level::trace, fmt, args...);
+        log(level::trace, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void debug(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void debug(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(level::debug, fmt, args...);
+        log(level::debug, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void info(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void info(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(level::info, fmt, args...);
+        log(level::info, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void warn(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void warn(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(level::warn, fmt, args...);
+        log(level::warn, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void error(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void error(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(level::err, fmt, args...);
+        log(level::err, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void critical(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void critical(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
-        log(level::critical, fmt, args...);
+        log(level::critical, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ public:
 #else
 
     template<typename... Args>
-    void log(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, wstring_view_t fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void log(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, wstring_view_t fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
         bool log_enabled = should_log(lvl);
         bool traceback_enabled = tracer_.enabled();
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ public:
         {
             // format to wmemory_buffer and convert to utf8
             fmt::wmemory_buffer wbuf;
-            fmt::format_to(wbuf, fmt, args...);
+            fmt::format_to(wbuf, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 
             memory_buf_t buf;
             details::os::wstr_to_utf8buf(wstring_view_t(wbuf.data(), wbuf.size()), buf);
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ protected:
 
     // common implementation for after templated public api has been resolved
     template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-    void log_(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+    void log_(source_loc loc, level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
     {
         bool log_enabled = should_log(lvl);
         bool traceback_enabled = tracer_.enabled();
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ protected:
         SPDLOG_TRY
         {
             memory_buf_t buf;
-            fmt::format_to(buf, fmt, args...);
+            fmt::format_to(buf, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
             details::log_msg log_msg(loc, name_, lvl, string_view_t(buf.data(), buf.size()));
             log_it_(log_msg, log_enabled, traceback_enabled);
         }

include/spdlog/pattern_formatter-inl.h

@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ public:
             return;
         }
 
-        if (padinfo_.side_ == padding_info::left)
+        if (padinfo_.side_ == padding_info::pad_side::left)
         {
             pad_it(remaining_pad_);
             remaining_pad_ = 0;
         }
-        else if (padinfo_.side_ == padding_info::center)
+        else if (padinfo_.side_ == padding_info::pad_side::center)
         {
             auto half_pad = remaining_pad_ / 2;
             auto reminder = remaining_pad_ & 1;
@@ -1285,15 +1285,15 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE details::padding_info pattern_formatter::handle_padspec_(std::stri
     switch (*it)
     {
     case '-':
-        side = padding_info::right;
+        side = padding_info::pad_side::right;
         ++it;
         break;
     case '=':
-        side = padding_info::center;
+        side = padding_info::pad_side::center;
         ++it;
         break;
     default:
-        side = details::padding_info::left;
+        side = details::padding_info::pad_side::left;
         break;
     }
 

include/spdlog/pattern_formatter.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace details {
 // padding information.
 struct padding_info
 {
-    enum pad_side
+    enum class pad_side
     {
         left,
         right,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ struct padding_info
         return enabled_;
     }
     size_t width_ = 0;
-    pad_side side_ = left;
+    pad_side side_ = pad_side::left;
     bool truncate_ = false;
     bool enabled_ = false;
 };
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ public:
     void format(const details::log_msg &msg, memory_buf_t &dest) override;
 
     template<typename T, typename... Args>
-    pattern_formatter &add_flag(char flag, const Args &... args)
+    pattern_formatter &add_flag(char flag, Args&&...args)
     {
-        custom_handlers_[flag] = details::make_unique<T>(args...);
+        custom_handlers_[flag] = details::make_unique<T>(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
         return *this;
     }
     void set_pattern(std::string pattern);

include/spdlog/sinks/dup_filter_sink.h

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ protected:
         {
             memory_buf_t buf;
             fmt::format_to(buf, "Skipped {} duplicate messages..", skip_counter_);
-            details::log_msg skipped_msg{msg.logger_name, msg.level, string_view_t{buf.data(), buf.size()}};
+            details::log_msg skipped_msg{msg.logger_name, level::info, string_view_t{buf.data(), buf.size()}};
             dist_sink<Mutex>::sink_it_(skipped_msg);
         }
 

include/spdlog/sinks/msvc_sink.h

@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@
 #include <spdlog/details/null_mutex.h>
 #include <spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h>
 
-#include <spdlog/details/windows_include.h>
-#include <winbase.h>
-
 #include <mutex>
 #include <string>
 
+
+// Avoid including windows.h (https://stackoverflow.com/a/30741042)
+extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) void __stdcall OutputDebugStringA(const char *lpOutputString);
+
 namespace spdlog {
 namespace sinks {
 /*
@@ -23,12 +24,11 @@ template<typename Mutex>
 class msvc_sink : public base_sink<Mutex>
 {
 public:
-    explicit msvc_sink() {}
+    msvc_sink() = default;
 
 protected:
     void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
     {
-
         memory_buf_t formatted;
         base_sink<Mutex>::formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
         OutputDebugStringA(fmt::to_string(formatted).c_str());

include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_sinks-inl.h

@@ -11,6 +11,15 @@
 #include <spdlog/pattern_formatter.h>
 #include <memory>
 
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// under windows using fwrite to non-binary stream results in \r\r\n (see issue #1675)
+// so instead we use ::FileWrite
+#include <spdlog/details/windows_include.h>
+#include <fileapi.h> // WriteFile (..)
+#include <io.h>      // _get_osfhandle(..)
+#include <stdio.h>   // _fileno(..)
+#endif               // WIN32
+
 namespace spdlog {
 
 namespace sinks {
@@ -20,7 +29,16 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE stdout_sink_base<ConsoleMutex>::stdout_sink_base(FILE *file)
     : mutex_(ConsoleMutex::mutex())
     , file_(file)
     , formatter_(details::make_unique<spdlog::pattern_formatter>())
-{}
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    // get windows handle from the FILE* object
+    handle_ = (HANDLE)::_get_osfhandle(::_fileno(file_));
+    if (handle_ == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+    {
+        throw_spdlog_ex("spdlog::stdout_sink_base: _get_osfhandle() failed", errno);
+    }
+#endif // WIN32
+}
 
 template<typename ConsoleMutex>
 SPDLOG_INLINE void stdout_sink_base<ConsoleMutex>::log(const details::log_msg &msg)
@@ -28,8 +46,19 @@ SPDLOG_INLINE void stdout_sink_base<ConsoleMutex>::log(const details::log_msg &m
     std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
     memory_buf_t formatted;
     formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
-    fwrite(formatted.data(), sizeof(char), formatted.size(), file_);
+#ifdef _WIN32
-    fflush(file_); // flush every line to terminal
+    ::fflush(file_); // flush in case there is somthing in this file_ already
+    auto size = static_cast<DWORD>(formatted.size());
+    DWORD bytes_written = 0;
+    bool ok = ::WriteFile(handle_, formatted.data(), size, &bytes_written, nullptr) != 0;
+    if (!ok)
+    {
+        throw_spdlog_ex("stdout_sink_base: WriteFile() failed. GetLastError(): " + std::to_string(::GetLastError()));
+    }
+#else
+    ::fwrite(formatted.data(), sizeof(char), formatted.size(), file_);
+    ::fflush(file_); // flush every line to terminal
+#endif // WIN32    
 }
 
 template<typename ConsoleMutex>

include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_sinks.h

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
 #include <spdlog/sinks/sink.h>
 #include <cstdio>
 
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <spdlog/details/windows_include.h>
+#endif
+
 namespace spdlog {
 
 namespace sinks {
@@ -36,6 +40,9 @@ protected:
     mutex_t &mutex_;
     FILE *file_;
     std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> formatter_;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE handle_;    
+#endif // WIN32
 };
 
 template<typename ConsoleMutex>

include/spdlog/sinks/wincolor_sink-inl.h

@@ -146,22 +146,12 @@ void SPDLOG_INLINE wincolor_sink<ConsoleMutex>::write_to_file_(const memory_buf_
         return;
     }
     auto size = static_cast<DWORD>(formatted.size());
-    if (size == 0)
+    DWORD bytes_written = 0;
+    bool ok = ::WriteFile(out_handle_, formatted.data(), size, &bytes_written, nullptr) != 0;
+    if (!ok)
     {
-        return;
+        throw_spdlog_ex("wincolor_sink: ::WriteFile() failed. GetLastError(): " + std::to_string(::GetLastError()));
     }
-
-    DWORD total_written = 0;
-    do
-    {
-        DWORD bytes_written = 0;
-        bool ok = ::WriteFile(out_handle_, formatted.data() + total_written, size - total_written, &bytes_written, nullptr) != 0;
-        if (!ok || bytes_written == 0)
-        {
-            throw_spdlog_ex("wincolor_sink: write_to_file_ failed. GetLastError(): " + std::to_string(::GetLastError()));
-        }
-        total_written += bytes_written;
-    } while (total_written < size);
 }
 
 // wincolor_stdout_sink

include/spdlog/spdlog.h

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ using default_factory = synchronous_factory;
 // Example:
 //   spdlog::create<daily_file_sink_st>("logger_name", "dailylog_filename", 11, 59);
 template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
-inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... sink_args)
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&...sink_args)
 {
     return default_factory::create<Sink>(std::move(logger_name), std::forward<SinkArgs>(sink_args)...);
 }
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ SPDLOG_API void set_automatic_registration(bool automatic_registration);
 //
 // The default logger object can be accessed using the spdlog::default_logger():
 // For example, to add another sink to it:
-// spdlog::default_logger()->sinks()->push_back(some_sink);
+// spdlog::default_logger()->sinks().push_back(some_sink);
 //
 // The default logger can replaced using spdlog::set_default_logger(new_logger).
 // For example, to replace it with a file logger.
@@ -128,51 +128,51 @@ SPDLOG_API spdlog::logger *default_logger_raw();
 SPDLOG_API void set_default_logger(std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> default_logger);
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void log(source_loc source, level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void log(source_loc source, level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->log(source, lvl, fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->log(source, lvl, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void log(level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void log(level::level_enum lvl, const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->log(source_loc{}, lvl, fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->log(source_loc{}, lvl, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void trace(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void trace(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->trace(fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->trace(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void debug(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void debug(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->debug(fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->debug(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void info(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void info(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->info(fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->info(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void warn(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void warn(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->warn(fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->warn(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void error(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void error(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->error(fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->error(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename FormatString, typename... Args>
-inline void critical(const FormatString &fmt, const Args &... args)
+inline void critical(const FormatString &fmt, Args&&...args)
 {
-    default_logger_raw()->critical(fmt, args...);
+    default_logger_raw()->critical(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
 template<typename T>

include/spdlog/stopwatch.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <spdlog/fmt/fmt.h>
 
-// Stopwatch support for spdlog  (using std::chrono::high_resolution_clock).
+// Stopwatch support for spdlog  (using std::chrono::steady_clock).
 // Displays elapsed seconds since construction as double.
 //
 // Usage:
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 namespace spdlog {
 class stopwatch
 {
-    using clock = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock;
+    using clock = std::chrono::steady_clock;
     std::chrono::time_point<clock> start_tp_;
 
 public:

include/spdlog/version.h

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 
 #define SPDLOG_VER_MAJOR 1
 #define SPDLOG_VER_MINOR 8
-#define SPDLOG_VER_PATCH 0
+#define SPDLOG_VER_PATCH 2
 
 #define SPDLOG_VERSION (SPDLOG_VER_MAJOR * 10000 + SPDLOG_VER_MINOR * 100 + SPDLOG_VER_PATCH)

src/fmt.cpp

@@ -9,29 +9,63 @@
 #if !defined(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL)
 #include <spdlog/fmt/bundled/format-inl.h>
 
+
 FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 namespace detail {
 
-template<typename T>
+template <typename T>
-int format_float(char *buf, std::size_t size, const char *format, int precision, T value)
+int format_float(char* buf, std::size_t size, const char* format, int precision,
-{
+                 T value) {
 #ifdef FMT_FUZZ
-    if (precision > 100000)
+  if (precision > 100000)
-        throw std::runtime_error("fuzz mode - avoid large allocation inside snprintf");
+    throw std::runtime_error(
+        "fuzz mode - avoid large allocation inside snprintf");
 #endif
-    // Suppress the warning about nonliteral format string.
+  // Suppress the warning about nonliteral format string.
-    int (*snprintf_ptr)(char *, size_t, const char *, ...) = FMT_SNPRINTF;
+  int (*snprintf_ptr)(char*, size_t, const char*, ...) = FMT_SNPRINTF;
-    return precision < 0 ? snprintf_ptr(buf, size, format, value) : snprintf_ptr(buf, size, format, precision, value);
+  return precision < 0 ? snprintf_ptr(buf, size, format, value)
+                       : snprintf_ptr(buf, size, format, precision, value);
 }
-} // namespace detail
+
+template FMT_API dragonbox::decimal_fp<float> dragonbox::to_decimal(float x)
+    FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+template FMT_API dragonbox::decimal_fp<double> dragonbox::to_decimal(double x)
+    FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+// DEPRECATED! This function exists for ABI compatibility.
+template <typename Char>
+typename basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<Char>>,
+                              Char>::iterator
+vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+           basic_format_args<basic_format_context<
+               std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<type_identity_t<Char>>>,
+               type_identity_t<Char>>>
+               args) {
+  using iterator = std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<char>>;
+  using context = basic_format_context<
+      std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<type_identity_t<Char>>>,
+      type_identity_t<Char>>;
+  auto out = iterator(buf);
+  format_handler<iterator, Char, context> h(out, format_str, args, {});
+  parse_format_string<false>(format_str, h);
+  return out;
+}
+template basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<char>>,
+                              char>::iterator
+vformat_to(buffer<char>&, string_view,
+           basic_format_args<basic_format_context<
+               std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<type_identity_t<char>>>,
+               type_identity_t<char>>>);
+}  // namespace detail
 
 template struct FMT_INSTANTIATION_DEF_API detail::basic_data<void>;
 
 // Workaround a bug in MSVC2013 that prevents instantiation of format_float.
-int (*instantiate_format_float)(double, int, detail::float_specs, detail::buffer<char> &) = detail::format_float;
+int (*instantiate_format_float)(double, int, detail::float_specs,
+                                detail::buffer<char>&) = detail::format_float;
 
 #ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
-template FMT_API detail::locale_ref::locale_ref(const std::locale &loc);
+template FMT_API detail::locale_ref::locale_ref(const std::locale& loc);
 template FMT_API std::locale detail::locale_ref::get<std::locale>() const;
 #endif
 
@@ -41,15 +75,21 @@ template FMT_API std::string detail::grouping_impl<char>(locale_ref);
 template FMT_API char detail::thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref);
 template FMT_API char detail::decimal_point_impl(locale_ref);
 
-template FMT_API void detail::buffer<char>::append(const char *, const char *);
+template FMT_API void detail::buffer<char>::append(const char*, const char*);
 
-template FMT_API FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(char)::iterator detail::vformat_to(
+template FMT_API void detail::vformat_to(
-    detail::buffer<char> &, string_view, basic_format_args<FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(char)>);
+    detail::buffer<char>&, string_view,
+    basic_format_args<FMT_BUFFER_CONTEXT(char)>, detail::locale_ref);
 
-template FMT_API int detail::snprintf_float(double, int, detail::float_specs, detail::buffer<char> &);
+template FMT_API int detail::snprintf_float(double, int, detail::float_specs,
-template FMT_API int detail::snprintf_float(long double, int, detail::float_specs, detail::buffer<char> &);
+                                            detail::buffer<char>&);
-template FMT_API int detail::format_float(double, int, detail::float_specs, detail::buffer<char> &);
+template FMT_API int detail::snprintf_float(long double, int,
-template FMT_API int detail::format_float(long double, int, detail::float_specs, detail::buffer<char> &);
+                                            detail::float_specs,
+                                            detail::buffer<char>&);
+template FMT_API int detail::format_float(double, int, detail::float_specs,
+                                          detail::buffer<char>&);
+template FMT_API int detail::format_float(long double, int, detail::float_specs,
+                                          detail::buffer<char>&);
 
 // Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
 
@@ -57,7 +97,7 @@ template FMT_API std::string detail::grouping_impl<wchar_t>(locale_ref);
 template FMT_API wchar_t detail::thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref);
 template FMT_API wchar_t detail::decimal_point_impl(locale_ref);
 
-template FMT_API void detail::buffer<wchar_t>::append(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
+template FMT_API void detail::buffer<wchar_t>::append(const wchar_t*,
+                                                      const wchar_t*);
 FMT_END_NAMESPACE
-
+#endif // !SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL
-#endif // !SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,47 +1,47 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
 project(spdlog_utests CXX)
 
-if (NOT TARGET spdlog)
+if(NOT TARGET spdlog)
     # Stand-alone build
     find_package(spdlog REQUIRED)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 include(../cmake/utils.cmake)
 
 find_package(PkgConfig)
-if (PkgConfig_FOUND)
+if(PkgConfig_FOUND)
     pkg_check_modules(systemd libsystemd)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 set(SPDLOG_UTESTS_SOURCES
-        test_file_helper.cpp
+    test_file_helper.cpp
-        test_file_logging.cpp
+    test_file_logging.cpp
-        test_daily_logger.cpp
+    test_daily_logger.cpp
-        test_misc.cpp
+    test_misc.cpp
-        test_eventlog.cpp
+    test_eventlog.cpp
-        test_pattern_formatter.cpp
+    test_pattern_formatter.cpp
-        test_async.cpp
+    test_async.cpp
-        test_registry.cpp
+    test_registry.cpp
-        test_macros.cpp
+    test_macros.cpp
-        utils.cpp
+    utils.cpp
-        main.cpp
+    main.cpp
-        test_mpmc_q.cpp
+    test_mpmc_q.cpp
-        test_dup_filter.cpp
+    test_dup_filter.cpp
-        test_fmt_helper.cpp
+    test_fmt_helper.cpp
-        test_stdout_api.cpp
+    test_stdout_api.cpp
-        test_backtrace.cpp
+    test_backtrace.cpp
-        test_create_dir.cpp
+    test_create_dir.cpp
-        test_cfg.cpp
+    test_cfg.cpp
-        test_time_point.cpp
+    test_time_point.cpp
-        test_stopwatch.cpp)
+    test_stopwatch.cpp)
 
-if (NOT SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS)
+if(NOT SPDLOG_NO_EXCEPTIONS)
     list(APPEND SPDLOG_UTESTS_SOURCES test_errors.cpp)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
-if (systemd_FOUND)
+if(systemd_FOUND)
     list(APPEND SPDLOG_UTESTS_SOURCES test_systemd.cpp)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 enable_testing()
 
@@ -49,22 +49,22 @@ function(spdlog_prepare_test test_target spdlog_lib)
     add_executable(${test_target} ${SPDLOG_UTESTS_SOURCES})
     spdlog_enable_warnings(${test_target})
     target_link_libraries(${test_target} PRIVATE ${spdlog_lib})
-    if (systemd_FOUND)
+    if(systemd_FOUND)
         target_link_libraries(${test_target} PRIVATE ${systemd_LIBRARIES})
-    endif ()
+    endif()
-    if (SPDLOG_SANITIZE_ADDRESS)
+    if(SPDLOG_SANITIZE_ADDRESS)
         spdlog_enable_sanitizer(${test_target})
-    endif ()
+    endif()
     add_test(NAME ${test_target} COMMAND ${test_target})
     set_tests_properties(${test_target} PROPERTIES RUN_SERIAL ON)
 endfunction()
 
 # The compiled library tests
-if (SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
+if(SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
     spdlog_prepare_test(spdlog-utests spdlog::spdlog)
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # The header-only library version tests
-if (SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS_HO OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
+if(SPDLOG_BUILD_TESTS_HO OR SPDLOG_BUILD_ALL)
     spdlog_prepare_test(spdlog-utests-ho spdlog::spdlog_header_only)
-endif ()
+endif()

tests/test_async.cpp

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ TEST_CASE("async periodic flush", "[async]")
     auto test_sink = std::static_pointer_cast<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_mt>(logger->sinks()[0]);
 
     spdlog::flush_every(std::chrono::seconds(1));
-    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1100));
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1700));
     REQUIRE(test_sink->flush_counter() == 1);
     spdlog::flush_every(std::chrono::seconds(0));
     spdlog::drop_all();

tests/test_cfg.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+
 #include "includes.h"
 #include "test_sink.h"
 
@@ -41,21 +42,23 @@ TEST_CASE("argv2", "[cfg]")
     auto l1 = spdlog::create<test_sink_st>("l1");
     REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
     REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
-    spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::info);
 }
 
 TEST_CASE("argv3", "[cfg]")
 {
+    spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::trace);
+
     spdlog::drop("l1");
-    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL="};
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=junk_name=warn"};
     load_argv_levels(2, argv);
     auto l1 = spdlog::create<test_sink_st>("l1");
-    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
-    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
 }
 
 TEST_CASE("argv4", "[cfg]")
 {
+    spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::info);
     spdlog::drop("l1");
     const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=junk"};
     load_argv_levels(2, argv);
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@ TEST_CASE("argv4", "[cfg]")
 
 TEST_CASE("argv5", "[cfg]")
 {
+    spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::info);
     spdlog::drop("l1");
     const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=l1=warn,trace"};
     load_argv_levels(3, argv);
@@ -91,3 +95,89 @@ TEST_CASE("argv7", "[cfg]")
     REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::err);
     spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::info);
 }
+
+TEST_CASE("level-not-set-test1", "[cfg]")
+{
+    spdlog::drop("l1");
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", ""};
+    load_argv_levels(2, argv);
+    auto l1 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l1");
+    l1->set_level(spdlog::level::trace);
+    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("level-not-set-test2", "[cfg]")
+{
+    spdlog::drop("l1");
+    spdlog::drop("l2");
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=l1=trace"};
+
+    auto l1 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l1");
+    l1->set_level(spdlog::level::warn);
+    auto l2 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l2");
+    l2->set_level(spdlog::level::warn);
+
+    load_argv_levels(2, argv);
+
+    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
+    REQUIRE(l2->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("level-not-set-test3", "[cfg]")
+{
+    spdlog::drop("l1");
+    spdlog::drop("l2");
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=l1=trace"};
+
+    load_argv_levels(2, argv);
+
+    auto l1 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l1");
+    auto l2 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l2");
+
+    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
+    REQUIRE(l2->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("level-not-set-test4", "[cfg]")
+{
+    spdlog::drop("l1");
+    spdlog::drop("l2");
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=l1=trace,warn"};
+
+    load_argv_levels(2, argv);
+
+    auto l1 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l1");
+    auto l2 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l2");
+
+    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::trace);
+    REQUIRE(l2->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("level-not-set-test5", "[cfg]")
+{
+    spdlog::drop("l1");
+    spdlog::drop("l2");
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=l1=junk,warn"};
+
+    load_argv_levels(2, argv);
+
+    auto l1 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l1");
+    auto l2 = spdlog::create<spdlog::sinks::test_sink_st>("l2");
+
+    REQUIRE(l1->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
+    REQUIRE(l2->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::warn);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("restore-to-default", "[cfg]")
+{
+    spdlog::drop("l1");
+    spdlog::drop("l2");
+    const char *argv[] = {"ignore", "SPDLOG_LEVEL=info"};
+    load_argv_levels(2, argv);
+    REQUIRE(spdlog::default_logger()->level() == spdlog::level::info);
+}

tests/test_pattern_formatter.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ using spdlog::memory_buf_t;
 
 // log to str and return it
 template<typename... Args>
-static std::string log_to_str(const std::string &msg, const Args &... args)
+static std::string log_to_str(const std::string &msg, const Args &...args)
 {
     std::ostringstream oss;
     auto oss_sink = std::make_shared<spdlog::sinks::ostream_sink_mt>(oss);