configure.ac: Use Autoconf quadrigraphs for character set in AS_CASE
The use of square brackets for a character set collides with the use
of square brackets for m4 quote characters, so use the other quoting
mechanism that Autoconf provides, by escaping `[` as `@<:@` and so on.
Signed-off-by: Simon McVittie <smcv@collabora.com>