Code re-work: advanced lighting.

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/debug_quad.vs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#version 330 core
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;
+layout (location = 1) in vec2 texCoords;
+
+out vec2 TexCoords;
+
+void main()
+{
+    gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0f);
+    TexCoords = texCoords;
+}

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/debug_quad_depth.fs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#version 330 core
+out vec4 color;
+in vec2 TexCoords;
+
+uniform sampler2D depthMap;
+uniform float near_plane;
+uniform float far_plane;
+
+float LinearizeDepth(float depth)
+{
+    float z = depth * 2.0 - 1.0; // Back to NDC 
+    return (2.0 * near_plane * far_plane) / (far_plane + near_plane - z * (far_plane - near_plane));	
+}
+
+void main()
+{             
+    float depthValue = texture(depthMap, TexCoords).r;
+    // color = vec4(vec3(LinearizeDepth(depthValue) / far_plane), 1.0); // perspective
+    color = vec4(vec3(depthValue), 1.0); // orthographic
+}

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/shadow_mapping.fs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#version 330 core
+out vec4 FragColor;
+
+in VS_OUT {
+    vec3 FragPos;
+    vec3 Normal;
+    vec2 TexCoords;
+    vec4 FragPosLightSpace;
+} fs_in;
+
+uniform sampler2D diffuseTexture;
+uniform sampler2D shadowMap;
+
+uniform vec3 lightPos;
+uniform vec3 viewPos;
+
+uniform bool shadows;
+
+float ShadowCalculation(vec4 fragPosLightSpace)
+{
+    // perform perspective divide
+    vec3 projCoords = fragPosLightSpace.xyz / fragPosLightSpace.w;
+    // Transform to [0,1] range
+    projCoords = projCoords * 0.5 + 0.5;
+    // Get closest depth value from light's perspective (using [0,1] range fragPosLight as coords)
+    float closestDepth = texture(shadowMap, projCoords.xy).r; 
+    // Get depth of current fragment from light's perspective
+    float currentDepth = projCoords.z;
+    // Calculate bias (based on depth map resolution and slope)
+    vec3 normal = normalize(fs_in.Normal);
+    vec3 lightDir = normalize(lightPos - fs_in.FragPos);
+    float bias = max(0.05 * (1.0 - dot(normal, lightDir)), 0.005);
+    // Check whether current frag pos is in shadow
+    // float shadow = currentDepth - bias > closestDepth  ? 1.0 : 0.0;
+    // PCF
+    float shadow = 0.0;
+    vec2 texelSize = 1.0 / textureSize(shadowMap, 0);
+    for(int x = -1; x <= 1; ++x)
+    {
+        for(int y = -1; y <= 1; ++y)
+        {
+            float pcfDepth = texture(shadowMap, projCoords.xy + vec2(x, y) * texelSize).r; 
+            shadow += currentDepth - bias > pcfDepth  ? 1.0 : 0.0;        
+        }    
+    }
+    shadow /= 9.0;
+    
+    // Keep the shadow at 0.0 when outside the far_plane region of the light's frustum.
+    if(projCoords.z > 1.0)
+        shadow = 0.0;
+        
+    return shadow;
+}
+
+void main()
+{           
+    vec3 color = texture(diffuseTexture, fs_in.TexCoords).rgb;
+    vec3 normal = normalize(fs_in.Normal);
+    vec3 lightColor = vec3(0.3);
+    // Ambient
+    vec3 ambient = 0.3 * color;
+    // Diffuse
+    vec3 lightDir = normalize(lightPos - fs_in.FragPos);
+    float diff = max(dot(lightDir, normal), 0.0);
+    vec3 diffuse = diff * lightColor;
+    // Specular
+    vec3 viewDir = normalize(viewPos - fs_in.FragPos);
+    vec3 reflectDir = reflect(-lightDir, normal);
+    float spec = 0.0;
+    vec3 halfwayDir = normalize(lightDir + viewDir);  
+    spec = pow(max(dot(normal, halfwayDir), 0.0), 64.0);
+    vec3 specular = spec * lightColor;    
+    // Calculate shadow
+    float shadow = shadows ? ShadowCalculation(fs_in.FragPosLightSpace) : 0.0;                      
+    vec3 lighting = (ambient + (1.0 - shadow) * (diffuse + specular)) * color;    
+    
+    FragColor = vec4(lighting, 1.0f);
+}

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/shadow_mapping.vs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#version 330 core
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;
+layout (location = 1) in vec3 normal;
+layout (location = 2) in vec2 texCoords;
+
+out vec2 TexCoords;
+
+out VS_OUT {
+    vec3 FragPos;
+    vec3 Normal;
+    vec2 TexCoords;
+    vec4 FragPosLightSpace;
+} vs_out;
+
+uniform mat4 projection;
+uniform mat4 view;
+uniform mat4 model;
+uniform mat4 lightSpaceMatrix;
+
+void main()
+{
+    gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0f);
+    vs_out.FragPos = vec3(model * vec4(position, 1.0));
+    vs_out.Normal = transpose(inverse(mat3(model))) * normal;
+    vs_out.TexCoords = texCoords;
+    vs_out.FragPosLightSpace = lightSpaceMatrix * vec4(vs_out.FragPos, 1.0);
+}

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/shadow_mapping_base.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+// GLEW
+#define GLEW_STATIC
+#include <GL/glew.h>
+
+// GLFW
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+// GL includes
+#include <learnopengl/shader.h>
+#include <learnopengl/camera.h>
+
+// GLM Mathemtics
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
+#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
+
+// Other Libs
+#include <SOIL.h>
+#include <learnopengl/filesystem.h>
+
+// Properties
+const GLuint SCR_WIDTH = 800, SCR_HEIGHT = 600;
+
+// Function prototypes
+void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode);
+void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset);
+void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos);
+void Do_Movement();
+GLuint loadTexture(GLchar const * path);
+void RenderScene(Shader &shader);
+void RenderCube();
+void RenderQuad();
+
+// Camera
+Camera camera(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f));
+
+// Delta
+GLfloat deltaTime = 0.0f;
+GLfloat lastFrame = 0.0f;
+
+// Options
+GLboolean shadows = true;
+
+// Global variables
+GLuint woodTexture;
+GLuint planeVAO;
+
+// The MAIN function, from here we start our application and run our Game loop
+int main()
+{
+    // Init GLFW
+    glfwInit();
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
+    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);
+
+    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", nullptr, nullptr); // Windowed
+    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
+
+    // Set the required callback functions
+    glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);
+    glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
+    glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);
+
+    // Options
+    glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);
+
+    // Initialize GLEW to setup the OpenGL Function pointers
+    glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
+    glewInit();
+
+    // Define the viewport dimensions
+    glViewport(0, 0, SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT);
+
+    // Setup some OpenGL options
+    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+
+    // Setup and compile our shaders
+    Shader shader("shadow_mapping.vs", "shadow_mapping.frag");
+    Shader simpleDepthShader("shadow_mapping_depth.vs", "shadow_mapping_depth.frag");
+    Shader debugDepthQuad("debug_quad.vs", "debug_quad_depth.frag");
+
+    // Set texture samples
+    shader.Use();
+    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "diffuseTexture"), 0);
+    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "shadowMap"), 1);
+
+    GLfloat planeVertices[] = {
+        // Positions            // Normals           // Texture Coords
+         25.0f, -0.5f,  25.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  25.0f, 0.0f,
+        -25.0f, -0.5f, -25.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  25.0f,
+        -25.0f, -0.5f,  25.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
+
+         25.0f, -0.5f,  25.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  25.0f, 0.0f,
+         25.0f, -0.5f, -25.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  25.0f, 25.0f,
+        -25.0f, -0.5f, -25.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  25.0f
+    };
+    // Setup plane VAO
+    GLuint planeVBO;
+    glGenVertexArrays(1, &planeVAO);
+    glGenBuffers(1, &planeVBO);
+    glBindVertexArray(planeVAO);
+    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, planeVBO);
+    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(planeVertices), &planeVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
+    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
+    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
+    glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(3 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+    glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
+    glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(6 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+    glBindVertexArray(0);
+
+    // Light source
+    glm::vec3 lightPos(-2.0f, 4.0f, -1.0f);
+
+    // Load textures
+    woodTexture = loadTexture(FileSystem::getPath("resources/textures/wood.png").c_str());
+
+    // Configure depth map FBO
+    const GLuint SHADOW_WIDTH = 1024, SHADOW_HEIGHT = 1024;
+    GLuint depthMapFBO;
+    glGenFramebuffers(1, &depthMapFBO);
+    // - Create depth texture
+    GLuint depthMap;
+    glGenTextures(1, &depthMap);
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, depthMap);
+
+    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, SHADOW_WIDTH, SHADOW_HEIGHT, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, NULL);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_BORDER);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_BORDER);
+    GLfloat borderColor[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
+    glTexParameterfv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_BORDER_COLOR, borderColor);
+
+    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, depthMapFBO);
+    glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, depthMap, 0);
+    glDrawBuffer(GL_NONE);
+    glReadBuffer(GL_NONE);
+    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
+
+    glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
+
+    // Game loop
+    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
+    {
+        // Set frame time
+        GLfloat currentFrame = glfwGetTime();
+        deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
+        lastFrame = currentFrame;
+
+        // Check and call events
+        glfwPollEvents();
+        Do_Movement();
+
+        // Change light position over time
+        lightPos.z = cos(glfwGetTime()) * 2.0f;
+
+        // 1. Render depth of scene to texture (from light's perspective)
+        // - Get light projection/view matrix.
+        glm::mat4 lightProjection, lightView;
+        glm::mat4 lightSpaceMatrix;
+        GLfloat near_plane = 1.0f, far_plane = 7.5f;
+        lightProjection = glm::ortho(-10.0f, 10.0f, -10.0f, 10.0f, near_plane, far_plane);
+        //lightProjection = glm::perspective(45.0f, (GLfloat)SHADOW_WIDTH / (GLfloat)SHADOW_HEIGHT, near_plane, far_plane); // Note that if you use a perspective projection matrix you'll have to change the light position as the current light position isn't enough to reflect the whole scene.
+        lightView = glm::lookAt(lightPos, glm::vec3(0.0f), glm::vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0));
+        lightSpaceMatrix = lightProjection * lightView;
+        // - now render scene from light's point of view
+        simpleDepthShader.Use();
+        glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(simpleDepthShader.Program, "lightSpaceMatrix"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(lightSpaceMatrix));
+        glViewport(0, 0, SHADOW_WIDTH, SHADOW_HEIGHT);
+        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, depthMapFBO);
+            glClear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+            RenderScene(simpleDepthShader);
+        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
+
+        // 2. Render scene as normal
+        glViewport(0, 0, SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT);
+        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+        shader.Use();
+        glm::mat4 projection = glm::perspective(camera.Zoom, (float)SCR_WIDTH / (float)SCR_HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);
+        glm::mat4 view = camera.GetViewMatrix();
+        glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "projection"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(projection));
+        glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "view"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(view));
+        // Set light uniforms
+        glUniform3fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "lightPos"), 1, &lightPos[0]);
+        glUniform3fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "viewPos"), 1, &camera.Position[0]);
+        glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "lightSpaceMatrix"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(lightSpaceMatrix));
+        // Enable/Disable shadows by pressing 'SPACE'
+        glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "shadows"), shadows);
+        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, woodTexture);
+        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
+        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, depthMap);
+        RenderScene(shader);
+
+        // 3. DEBUG: visualize depth map by rendering it to plane
+        debugDepthQuad.Use();
+        glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(debugDepthQuad.Program, "near_plane"), near_plane);
+        glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(debugDepthQuad.Program, "far_plane"), far_plane);
+        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, depthMap);
+        //RenderQuad(); // uncomment this line to see depth map
+
+
+        // Swap the buffers
+        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
+    }
+
+    glfwTerminate();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void RenderScene(Shader &shader)
+{
+    // Floor
+    glm::mat4 model;
+    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "model"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));
+    glBindVertexArray(planeVAO);
+    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
+    glBindVertexArray(0);
+    // Cubes
+    model = glm::mat4();
+    model = glm::translate(model, glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.5f, 0.0));
+    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "model"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));
+    RenderCube();
+    model = glm::mat4();
+    model = glm::translate(model, glm::vec3(2.0f, 0.0f, 1.0));
+    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "model"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));
+    RenderCube();
+    model = glm::mat4();
+    model = glm::translate(model, glm::vec3(-1.0f, 0.0f, 2.0));
+    model = glm::rotate(model, 60.0f, glm::normalize(glm::vec3(1.0, 0.0, 1.0)));
+    model = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.5));
+    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, "model"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));
+    RenderCube();
+}
+
+
+// RenderQuad() Renders a 1x1 quad in NDC, best used for framebuffer color targets
+// and post-processing effects.
+GLuint quadVAO = 0;
+GLuint quadVBO;
+void RenderQuad()
+{
+    if (quadVAO == 0)
+    {
+        GLfloat quadVertices[] = {
+            // Positions        // Texture Coords
+            -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
+            -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
+             1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
+             1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
+        };
+        // Setup plane VAO
+        glGenVertexArrays(1, &quadVAO);
+        glGenBuffers(1, &quadVBO);
+        glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
+        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, quadVBO);
+        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(quadVertices), &quadVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+        glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
+        glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
+        glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
+        glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(3 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+    }
+    glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
+    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
+    glBindVertexArray(0);
+}
+
+// RenderCube() Renders a 1x1 3D cube in NDC.
+GLuint cubeVAO = 0;
+GLuint cubeVBO = 0;
+void RenderCube()
+{
+    // Initialize (if necessary)
+    if (cubeVAO == 0)
+    {
+        GLfloat vertices[] = {
+            // Back face
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // Bottom-left
+            0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
+            0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // top-right
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,  // bottom-left
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,// top-left
+            // Front face
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
+            0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,  // bottom-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // top-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // top-left
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,  // bottom-left
+            // Left face
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-right
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // bottom-left
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom-left
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,  // bottom-right
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-right
+            // Right face
+            0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-left
+            0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
+            0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // bottom-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,  // top-left
+            0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
+            // Bottom face
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
+            0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
+            0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,// bottom-left
+            0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
+            -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
+            // Top face
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,// top-left
+            0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
+            0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,// top-left
+            -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f // bottom-left
+        };
+        glGenVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
+        glGenBuffers(1, &cubeVBO);
+        // Fill buffer
+        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, cubeVBO);
+        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+        // Link vertex attributes
+        glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
+        glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
+        glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
+        glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
+        glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(3 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+        glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
+        glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)(6 * sizeof(GLfloat)));
+        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
+        glBindVertexArray(0);
+    }
+    // Render Cube
+    glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
+    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
+    glBindVertexArray(0);
+}
+
+// This function loads a texture from file. Note: texture loading functions like these are usually
+// managed by a 'Resource Manager' that manages all resources (like textures, models, audio).
+// For learning purposes we'll just define it as a utility function.
+GLuint loadTexture(GLchar const * path)
+{
+    // Generate texture ID and load texture data
+    GLuint textureID;
+    glGenTextures(1, &textureID);
+    int width, height;
+    unsigned char* image = SOIL_load_image(path, &width, &height, 0, SOIL_LOAD_RGB);
+    // Assign texture to ID
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureID);
+    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image);
+    glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
+
+    // Parameters
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+    SOIL_free_image_data(image);
+    return textureID;
+
+}
+
+bool keys[1024];
+bool keysPressed[1024];
+// Moves/alters the camera positions based on user input
+void Do_Movement()
+{
+    // Camera controls
+    if (keys[GLFW_KEY_W])
+        camera.ProcessKeyboard(FORWARD, deltaTime);
+    if (keys[GLFW_KEY_S])
+        camera.ProcessKeyboard(BACKWARD, deltaTime);
+    if (keys[GLFW_KEY_A])
+        camera.ProcessKeyboard(LEFT, deltaTime);
+    if (keys[GLFW_KEY_D])
+        camera.ProcessKeyboard(RIGHT, deltaTime);
+
+    if (keys[GLFW_KEY_SPACE] && !keysPressed[GLFW_KEY_SPACE])
+    {
+        shadows = !shadows;
+        keysPressed[GLFW_KEY_SPACE] = true;
+    }
+}
+
+GLfloat lastX = 400, lastY = 300;
+bool firstMouse = true;
+// Is called whenever a key is pressed/released via GLFW
+void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode)
+{
+    if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_PRESS)
+        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);
+
+    if (key >= 0 && key <= 1024)
+    {
+        if (action == GLFW_PRESS)
+            keys[key] = true;
+        else if (action == GLFW_RELEASE)
+        {
+            keys[key] = false;
+            keysPressed[key] = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos)
+{
+    if (firstMouse)
+    {
+        lastX = xpos;
+        lastY = ypos;
+        firstMouse = false;
+    }
+
+    GLfloat xoffset = xpos - lastX;
+    GLfloat yoffset = lastY - ypos;
+
+    lastX = xpos;
+    lastY = ypos;
+
+    camera.ProcessMouseMovement(xoffset, yoffset);
+}
+
+void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset)
+{
+    camera.ProcessMouseScroll(yoffset);
+}

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/shadow_mapping_depth.fs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#version 330 core
+
+void main()
+{             
+    // gl_FragDepth = gl_FragCoord.z;
+}

src/5.advanced_lighting/3.1.2.shadow_mapping_base/shadow_mapping_depth.vs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#version 330 core
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;
+
+uniform mat4 lightSpaceMatrix;
+uniform mat4 model;
+
+void main()
+{
+    gl_Position = lightSpaceMatrix * model * vec4(position, 1.0f);
+}